Petra Vaiglova , Janaína N. Ávila , Hallie Buckley , Jean Christophe Galipaud , Daniel R. Green , Siân Halcrow , Hannah F. James , Rebecca Kinaston , Marc Oxenham , Victor Paz , Truman Simanjuntak , Christophe Snoeck , Hiep Hoang Trinh , Ian S. Williams , Tanya M. Smith
{"title":"Past rainfall patterns in Southeast Asia revealed by microanalysis of δ18O values in human teeth","authors":"Petra Vaiglova , Janaína N. Ávila , Hallie Buckley , Jean Christophe Galipaud , Daniel R. Green , Siân Halcrow , Hannah F. James , Rebecca Kinaston , Marc Oxenham , Victor Paz , Truman Simanjuntak , Christophe Snoeck , Hiep Hoang Trinh , Ian S. Williams , Tanya M. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2023.105922","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Variations in human subsistence and settlement patterns have been documented at Holocene archaeological sites across Island and Mainland Southeast Asia. Although climate is frequently invoked as a causal mechanism underlying this variation, direct evidence of ancient rainfall variability on the scale of human lifetimes has thus far been elusive. Here we use a novel time-resolute method for <em>in situ</em> measurement of human tooth enamel <em>δ</em><sup>18</sup>O values (n = 2629 near-weekly measurements sampling 51 years) to assess past rainfall seasonality patterns in Southeast Asia. Seasonal fluctuations in enamel <em>δ</em><sup>18</sup>O values of ancient humans from several different periods are compared to modern rainfall recorded in Vietnam, Philippines, and Indonesia by the Global Network in Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP). The likelihood that the ancient humans reflect local precipitation patterns is established through measurement of bulk enamel <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr ratios. Comparison of the archaeological individuals and the modern rainfall datasets shows that the seasonal variabilities in ancient <em>δ</em><sup>18</sup>O<sub>enamel</sub> are consistent with seasonal variabilities in modern <em>δ</em><sup>18</sup>O<sub>precip</sub> across the study locations (highest in Vietnam, lowest in Indonesia, intermediate in the Philippines). Strong seasonal <em>δ</em><sup>18</sup>O<sub>enamel</sub> trends in four of five hunter-gatherers from Con Co Ngua, Vietnam, facilitate the inference of birth approximately six months prior to the onset of monsoons, consistent with tropical subsistence societies where food availability correlates with rainfall. High-resolution analysis of human tooth enamel represents a powerful new tool for seasonality reconstructions across different regional and climatic settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440323002029/pdfft?md5=5d2d80c5d987e0f1c370d3e15dd96d21&pid=1-s2.0-S0305440323002029-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Archaeological Science","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440323002029","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ANTHROPOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Variations in human subsistence and settlement patterns have been documented at Holocene archaeological sites across Island and Mainland Southeast Asia. Although climate is frequently invoked as a causal mechanism underlying this variation, direct evidence of ancient rainfall variability on the scale of human lifetimes has thus far been elusive. Here we use a novel time-resolute method for in situ measurement of human tooth enamel δ18O values (n = 2629 near-weekly measurements sampling 51 years) to assess past rainfall seasonality patterns in Southeast Asia. Seasonal fluctuations in enamel δ18O values of ancient humans from several different periods are compared to modern rainfall recorded in Vietnam, Philippines, and Indonesia by the Global Network in Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP). The likelihood that the ancient humans reflect local precipitation patterns is established through measurement of bulk enamel 87Sr/86Sr ratios. Comparison of the archaeological individuals and the modern rainfall datasets shows that the seasonal variabilities in ancient δ18Oenamel are consistent with seasonal variabilities in modern δ18Oprecip across the study locations (highest in Vietnam, lowest in Indonesia, intermediate in the Philippines). Strong seasonal δ18Oenamel trends in four of five hunter-gatherers from Con Co Ngua, Vietnam, facilitate the inference of birth approximately six months prior to the onset of monsoons, consistent with tropical subsistence societies where food availability correlates with rainfall. High-resolution analysis of human tooth enamel represents a powerful new tool for seasonality reconstructions across different regional and climatic settings.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Archaeological Science is aimed at archaeologists and scientists with particular interests in advancing the development and application of scientific techniques and methodologies to all areas of archaeology. This established monthly journal publishes focus articles, original research papers and major review articles, of wide archaeological significance. The journal provides an international forum for archaeologists and scientists from widely different scientific backgrounds who share a common interest in developing and applying scientific methods to inform major debates through improving the quality and reliability of scientific information derived from archaeological research.