Isotope-Geochemical Characteristics of Fluids and Organic Matter of Rocks of Mud Volcanoes in the Northwestern (Azerbaijan) and Southeastern (Iran) Parts of the South Caspian Basin: A Comparative Analysis
IF 0.9 4区 地球科学Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
This article presents a comparative analysis of the isotope-geochemical characteristics of the products of activity of mud volcanoes (MVs) in the northwestern (Azerbaijan) and southeastern (Iran) parts of the South Caspian Basin (SCB). Gases of MVs in the studied regions are mainly of thermocatalytic origin, with the predominance of methane. High concentrations of nitrogen (up to 50%) are noted in the gases of some MVs in the Iranian sector. One distinctive feature of the MVs in the Azerbaijani part of the SCB is the presence of isotopically superheavy (>5‰) carbon dioxide, which is not typical for MVs in Iran. The waters of the MVs of Iran and most of the MVs of Azerbaijan are of the sodium chloride type. Isotopically heavy bicarbonate and carbonate ions, characteristic of the mud volcanic waters of Azerbaijan, are not typical for the volcanoes of the Iranian part of the SCB. Organic matter of rock ejecta of MVs in the Azerbaijani part of the SCB refers mainly to type II and type II–III kerogen, while in its Iranian part it is mainly type III kerogen. Mud volcanoes of Azerbaijan are characterized by a wide range of gas generation depths (10–16 km) and, accordingly, significant subvertical migration. The calculated maximum depth of the HC gas source in the Iranian part of the SCB does not exceed 12 km.
期刊介绍：
Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics is a journal that publishes original scientific research and review articles on vital issues in the physics of the Earth’s atmosphere and hydrosphere and climate theory. The journal presents results of recent studies of physical processes in the atmosphere and ocean that control climate, weather, and their changes. These studies have possible practical applications. The journal also gives room to the discussion of results obtained in theoretical and experimental studies in various fields of oceanic and atmospheric physics, such as the dynamics of gas and water media, interaction of the atmosphere with the ocean and land surfaces, turbulence theory, heat balance and radiation processes, remote sensing and optics of both media, natural and man-induced climate changes, and the state of the atmosphere and ocean. The journal publishes papers on research techniques used in both media, current scientific information on domestic and foreign events in the physics of the atmosphere and ocean.
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