Fields of Knowledge under Construction: Pedology and Medico-pedagogical Approaches in France at the Turn of the Twentieth Century

IF 0.6 2区 哲学 Q1 HISTORY
Sabine Arnaud
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Summary Examining the work of Georges Paul-Boncour and Jean Philippe, two now almost forgotten physicians active from the turn of the twentieth century on in the medical and educational field of ‘school hygiene’ for so-called abnormal children, this article exemplifies a specific current in psychiatry whose terms first kept oscillating between medico-pedagogical treatment and therapeutic hygiene. I investigate how Paul-Boncour and Philippe’s interest in abnormal children led them to challenge education as a whole. By attempting to individualise education, the two doctors were swimming against the tide of regular schooling, which evaluated children on their ability to fit in with others and fulfil preset expectations. The conflicts between these physicians and their contemporaries (teachers, psychologists, lawyers) attest the emergence of a dimension in psychiatry that was rooted in collaboration with teachers, as doctors and teachers worked together for the full development of ‘pedology’, the scientific study of children’s development.
构建中的知识领域:二十世纪之交法国的教育学和医学教学法
乔治-保罗-邦库尔(Georges Paul-Boncour)和让-菲利普(Jean Philippe)是二十世纪之交活跃在所谓异常儿童的 "学校卫生 "医疗和教育领域的两位医生,现在他们几乎已被人们遗忘。我研究了保罗-邦库尔和菲利普对异常儿童的兴趣如何导致他们对整个教育提出挑战。通过尝试个性化教育,这两位医生逆常规学校教育的潮流而行,常规学校教育对儿童的评价标准是他们能否适应他人,能否达到预先设定的期望。这些医生与他们同时代人(教师、心理学家、律师)之间的冲突证明,精神病学中出现了一个植根于与教师合作的维度,医生和教师共同致力于 "教育学 "的全面发展,即对儿童发展的科学研究。
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来源期刊
Social History of Medicine
Social History of Medicine 社会科学-科学史与科学哲学
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
63
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Social History of Medicine , the journal of the Society for the Social History of Medicine, is concerned with all aspects of health, illness, and medical treatment in the past. It is committed to publishing work on the social history of medicine from a variety of disciplines. The journal offers its readers substantive and lively articles on a variety of themes, critical assessments of archives and sources, conference reports, up-to-date information on research in progress, a discussion point on topics of current controversy and concern, review articles, and wide-ranging book reviews.
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