Combined Oral Contraceptive Use and the Risk of Cervical Cancer: Literature Review.

Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-23 DOI:10.1055/s-0043-1776403

Adriane Cristina Bovo, Priscila Grecca Pedrão, Yasmin Medeiros Guimarães, Luani Rezende Godoy, Júlio César Possati Resende, Adhemar Longatto-Filho, Ricardo Dos Reis

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Abstract

Cervical cancer (CC) is caused by persistent infection of human papillomavirus of high oncogenic risk (hr-HPV); however, several cofactors are important in its carcinogenesis, such as smoking, multiparity, and prolonged use of oral hormonal contraceptives (COCs). Worldwide, 16% of women use COCs, whereas in Brazil this rate is of ∼ 30%. The safety and adverse effects of COCs are widely discussed in the literature, including the increase in carcinogenic risk. Due to the existence of several drugs, combinations, and dosages of COCs, it is hard to have uniform information in epidemiological studies. Our objective was to perform a narrative review on the role of COCs use in the carcinogenesis of cervical cancer. Several populational studies have suggested an increase in the incidence of cervical cancer for those who have used COCs for > 5 years, but other available studies reach controversial and contradictory results regarding the action of COCs in the development of CC.

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复合口服避孕药的使用与宫颈癌的风险：文献综述。

宫颈癌（CC）是由高致癌风险的人类乳头瘤病毒（hr-HPV）持续感染引起的；然而，一些辅助因素对其致癌也很重要，如吸烟、多胎妊娠和长期使用口服荷尔蒙避孕药（COCs）。全世界有 16% 的妇女使用 COC，而在巴西，这一比例为 30%。文献中广泛讨论了 COC 的安全性和不良反应，包括致癌风险的增加。由于 COCs 有多种药物、组合和剂量，因此很难在流行病学研究中获得统一的信息。我们的目的是对使用化学合成药物在宫颈癌致癌过程中的作用进行叙述性综述。一些人群研究表明，使用缓泻剂超过 5 年的人群宫颈癌发病率会增加，但其他现有研究在缓泻剂对宫颈癌发病的作用方面得出的结果存在争议和矛盾。

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Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia

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