America, Jump-Started: World War II R&D and the Takeoff of the US Innovation System

IF 10.5 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

American Economic Review Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI:10.1257/aer.20221365

D. Gross, B. Sampat

引用次数: 8

Abstract

During World War II, the US government’s Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) supported one of the largest public investments in applied R&D in US history. Using data on all OSRD-funded invention, we show this shock had a formative impact on the US innovation system, catalyzing technology clusters across the country, with accompanying increases in high-tech entrepreneur-ship and employment. These effects persist until at least the 1970s and appear to be driven by agglomerative forces and endogenous growth. In addition to creating technology clusters, wartime R&D permanently changed the trajectory of overall US innovation in the direction of OSRD-funded technologies. (JEL H56, N42, N72, O31, O33, O38, R11)

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美国，启动：二战研发与美国创新体系的腾飞

二战期间，美国政府科学研究与发展办公室（OSRD）支持了美国历史上规模最大的应用研发公共投资。我们使用 OSRD 资助的所有发明的数据表明，这种冲击对美国创新体系产生了形成性影响，催化了全国各地的技术集群，高科技创业和就业也随之增加。这些影响至少持续到 20 世纪 70 年代，似乎是由集聚力和内生增长驱动的。除了创造技术集群之外，战时研发还永久性地改变了美国整体创新的轨迹，使其朝着 OSRD 资助的技术方向发展。(JEL H56, N42, N72, O31, O33, O38, R11)

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来源期刊

American Economic Review ECONOMICS-

CiteScore

18.60

自引率

2.80%

发文量

122

期刊介绍： The American Economic Review (AER) stands as a prestigious general-interest economics journal. Founded in 1911, it holds the distinction of being one of the nation's oldest and most esteemed scholarly journals in economics. With a commitment to academic excellence, the AER releases 12 issues annually, featuring articles that span a wide spectrum of economic topics.