Comparison of COVID-19 Infection Among Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Patients in Bangladesh During Second Wave: Single Centre Study

Bangladesh Heart Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI:10.3329/bhj.v38i2.70283

Fazila-tun-nesa Malik, Muhammad Kalimuddin, M. Ishraquzzaman, Ashok Dutta, Md Habibur Rahman, Smita Kanungo, N. Laila, Md. Shamim Chowdhury, S. Choudhury, M. Al Mamun

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Abstract

Background: Vaccination may positively influence the clinical outcome of corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) patients. But there is a lack of data regarding efficacy of vaccine against COVID-19 infection. This study aimed to compare the baseline characteristics, clinical profiles, and outcomes of COVID-19 infection in vaccinated and non-vaccinated patients in Bangladesh in the second wave. Methods: This single centre prospective observational cohort study was carried out at National Heart Foundation Hospital & Research Institute from 27th February 2021 to 25th September, 2021 during the second wave. All COVID-positive patients & cardiac patients who became COVID-19 positive during the period of admission were included in this study for comparison. Results: A total of 858 patients were included. Most patients in the second were unvaccinated (n= 691, 80.5%), while of the 167 individuals who were vaccinated, 125 (14.6%) patients were partially vaccinated while 42 (4.9%) were fully vaccinated. The mean age of the unvaccinated patients was 52.63±16.4 years, partially vaccinated patients was 39.74±14.88 years, and fully vaccinated patients was 50.55 ± 12.48 years (p=0.001). Male were predominant in all groups. In the unvaccinated (98.4% vs 1.6%; p=0.001) and fully vaccinated (81% vs 19%; p=0.001) groups non healthcare personnel (non-HCP) were most commonly affected. Most of the patients (48.7%) in unvaccinated group had ≥4 co-morbidities, while in partially- (51.2%) and fully vaccinated (54.7%) groups most of the patients had <4 co-morbidities (p=0.001). In unvaccinated group asymptomatic & severe disease (11.4% vs 7.2% vs 2.4%; p=0.001) were more prevalent than partially- and fully vaccinated group (table 3). Mortality rate was significantly higher in unvaccinated group than partially vaccinated group (6.2% vs 0.8%; p=0.001). There was no death in fully vaccinated group. Conclusion:Unvaccinated individuals were more prone to COVID-19 infection. Most of the patients in unvaccinated group had ≥4 co-morbidities. In unvaccinated group asymptomatic & severe disease were more prevalent than partially- and fully vaccinated group. Mortality rate was high in unvaccinated group. Bangladesh Heart Journal 2023; 38(2): 127-134

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孟加拉国第二波接种疫苗和未接种疫苗患者的 COVID-19 感染情况比较：单中心研究

背景：接种疫苗可能会对电晕病毒病-19（COVID-19）患者的临床结果产生积极影响。但目前还缺乏有关COVID-19感染疫苗疗效的数据。本研究旨在比较孟加拉国第二波接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的 COVID-19 感染患者的基线特征、临床特征和预后：这项单中心前瞻性观察性队列研究于 2021 年 2 月 27 日至 2021 年 9 月 25 日在国家心脏基金会医院和研究所进行。所有 COVID 阳性患者和在入院期间 COVID-19 阳性的心脏病患者都被纳入本研究进行比较：共纳入 858 名患者。第二组中大多数患者未接种疫苗（691 人，80.5%），而在接种疫苗的 167 人中，125 人（14.6%）部分接种了疫苗，42 人（4.9%）完全接种了疫苗。未接种者的平均年龄为（52.63±16.4）岁，部分接种者的平均年龄为（39.74±14.88）岁，完全接种者的平均年龄为（50.55±12.48）岁（P=0.001）。所有组别均以男性为主。在未接种疫苗组（98.4% vs 1.6%；p=0.001）和完全接种疫苗组（81% vs 19%；p=0.001）中，非医护人员（non-HCP）最常受感染。未接种疫苗组的大多数患者（48.7%）有≥4种并发症，而部分接种疫苗组（51.2%）和完全接种疫苗组（54.7%）的大多数患者有＜4种并发症（P=0.001）。在未接种组中，无症状和严重疾病（11.4% vs 7.2% vs 2.4%；P=0.001）的发病率高于部分接种组和完全接种组（表 3）。未接种组的死亡率明显高于部分接种组（6.2% vs 0.8%；P=0.001）。结论：未接种疫苗者更容易感染 COVID-19。结论：未接种疫苗者更容易感染COVID-19，未接种疫苗组的大多数患者合并有≥4种疾病。未接种疫苗组的无症状和重症发病率高于部分接种和完全接种疫苗组。未接种组的死亡率较高：127-134

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Bangladesh Heart Journal

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