Clinical applications of fibroblast activation protein-targeted theranostics in oncologic and nononcologic disease: Current status and future directions

Abstract

Quinoline-based fibroblast activation protein (FAP) inhibitor (FAPI)-based positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and radioligand therapy (RLT) are being investigated for use in a wide variety of diseases, and recent results have been promising. This review summarizes the current status of FAPI radiopharmaceuticals in PET imaging of malignant tumors and benign conditions and compares their diagnostic efficacy with ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose. In addition, we summarize the previously published FAP-targeted RLT data and discuss its current clinical use and future potential. Our qualitative summary can inform future research directions, medical guidelines, and optimal clinical decision-making.