Histological Study of Mice (Mus musculus Linn.) Digestive Organs Induced by Monosodium Glutamate after Consuming Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) Tea

Abstract

Highlights: 1. This original study examined the antioxidants compounds derived from naturally sourced Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx 2. Hibiscus sabdariffa tea was able to maintain histological damage such as necrosis, degeneration cell, villous erosion, and epithelial desquamation of mice digestive organs after induced by MSG   Abstract Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most frequently used synthetic additive for food flavoring ingredient. Excessive use of MSG can cause cytotoxic effects which impacted the levels of oxidative stress and free radicals in the body, especially in the human digestive system. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) is a plant that is known to has red flower petals, and has lots of beneficial active compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and other compounds which are antioxidants that function as free radical antidotes. This research aims to determine consumption effect of administration roselle tea, as well as its optimal dose for digestive organs restoration on MSG-induced mice. This research applied the completely randomized method, using 25 mice. Mice were divided into 5 treatments, consisting of K- (0.3 ml aquades), K+ (given 4 mg/g bw MSG), P1 (given 4 mg/g bw MSG and 2.6 mg/g bw Roselle), P2 (given 4 mg/g bw MSG and 3.9 mg/g bw Roselle), P3 (given 4 mg/g bw MSG and 5.2 mg/g bw Roselle). Treatment was administered orally using a gavage for 30 days. Histopathological examination of the stomach, duodenum, and liver was made by using the paraffin method and Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining. Parameters observed in the stomach and duodenum were necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, villous erosion and epithelial desquamation, while in the hepatic organ parameters observed were necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration and cell degeneration. The results of the parameters were statistically analyzed using the SPSS for windows version 22 application program. Normal and homogeneous data distribution was analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, analyzed by One-Way ANOVA test, followed by Duncan Post-Hoc test if the data were normally distributed and there were significant differences (P < 0.05) between groups.  In conclusion, the infusion of roselle tea (H. sabdariffa) with graded doses were able to recover histological damage in the stomach, duodenum, and liver of mice (Mus musculus) that had been induced by MSG.