THE SPECTRUM OF SENSITIZATION TO AEROALLERGENS IN ALLERGIC PATIENTS FROM UPPERCHIRCHIK DISTRICT OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

Abstract

The purpose of the study: to study the spectrum of sensitization in people with allergic diseases in the Upperchirchik district of the Tashkent region, which is characterized by a long period of flowering of weeds (wormwood, saltwort, quinoa) - the end of August - the end of November, cereals (timothy, foxtail, rye, bluegrass) herbs - the end of February - the end of July; the duration of flowering is associated with the peculiarities of climatic and geographic conditions. Materials and methods: from January to May 2022, a clinical and allergological examination was carried out in 100 patients with allergic diseases: of these, 38 children aged 2-18 years: 20 children with AR, 12 with BA, 6 with AtD and 62 adults: 32 patients with AR, 13 with BA, 17 with AtD. Results: Among all examined patients the most frequent were intermittent and persistent forms of AR - in 52 (52 %), BA - in 25 (25 %), AtD - in 23 (23 %), combination of AR+BA - in 13 (13 %), AR+ATD - in 12 (12 %), AtD+BA - in 9 (9 %) patients.Combined sensitisation to pollen, household and food allergens was detected in 90% of patients, monosensitisation to allergens of cereal grasses (meadow timothy, meadow bluegrass) in 6%, and to allergens of weeds (wormwood, quinoa) in 4%.Sensitization to house dust allergen (h1) was detected in 29 children and 51 adult patients. The frequency of sensitization to food allergens was higher in the group of children compared to adults: to cow's milk allergens in 28.9% of children and 8.1% of adults; to egg allergens in 44.7% of children and 24.2% of adults; to nut allergens in 34.2% of children and 38.7% of adults. Conclusion: The spectrum of sensitisation to allergens in patients with allergic diseases in Upperchirchik district of Tashkent region is characterised by a predominance of sensitisation to pollen and household allergens in children and adults, with a significant proportion of polysensitised patients in all age groups.