Action mode of fipronil and sulfluramid in baits on Acromyrmex crassispinus (Forel, 1909) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in laboratory conditions

J. Sabattini, J. C. Zanuncio, Roberto S. Camargo, L. C. Forti
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Abstract

The leaf-cutting ants (LCAs) of the genus Atta Fabricius, 1804 and Acromyrmex Mayr, 1865 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) are major pests in forest plantations, agriculture and livestock. Toxic baits with the active ingredients fipronil and sulfluramid are the main method to manage these insects. The internal hygiene of the ant colony needs to be considered to carry out chemical control of LCA. The baits must act as a true ‘Trojan horse’ deceiving the toxic action during the moment of transport. The objective was to evaluate fipronil and sulfluramid in toxic baits against Acromyrmex crassispinus (Forel, 1909) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the laboratory. The action was observed in the first hours after application. The pick-up of the bait with fipronil was more heterogeneous and more random than that with the sulfluramid. Individuals of A. crassispinus stopped cutting leaves after four and seven days after application (DAA) of fipronil and sulfluramid baits, respectively. The foraging activity tended to zero over time with the sulfluramid bait, but a low carry of leaves was observed on the 11th DAA with the fipronil bait. The fipronil and sulfluramid baits, in laboratory conditions, were toxic and efficient to the ant A. crassispinus. The lethal action of fipronil was faster, an undesired aspect in the management of social insects. A control method that simulates the mythical ‘Trojan horse’ on LCAs nests is desirable.
在实验室条件下氟虫腈和氟虫氨在毒饵中对 Acromyrmex crassispinus (Forel, 1909) (膜翅目:蚁科)的作用模式
切叶蚁属 Atta Fabricius, 1804 和 Acromyrmex Mayr, 1865(膜翅目:蚁科)是林场、农业和畜牧业的主要害虫。含有氟虫腈和氟虫氨活性成分的毒饵是治理这些昆虫的主要方法。在对 LCA 进行化学防治时,需要考虑蚁群的内部卫生状况。毒饵必须在运输过程中发挥真正的 "特洛伊木马 "作用,骗过毒性作用。我们的目的是在实验室中评估毒饵中的氟虫腈和氟虫酰胺对十字花科蚂蚁(Forel,1909 年)(膜翅目:蚁科)的作用。施药后的头几个小时就能观察到作用。与氟虫氨相比,氟虫腈诱饵的拾取更不均匀,也更随机。在施用氟虫腈和氟虫氨毒饵(DAA)四天和七天后,A. crassispinus 的个体不再切割树叶。随着时间的推移,氟虫氨毒饵的觅食活动趋于零,但在使用氟虫腈毒饵的第 11 DAA 期,观察到了少量的带叶现象。在实验室条件下,氟虫腈和氟虫氨毒饵对蚂蚁 A. crassispinus 具有毒性和效率。氟虫腈的致死作用更快,这在社会性昆虫的管理中是不受欢迎的。最好能找到一种控制方法,模拟传说中的 "特洛伊木马 "在蚁巢中的作用。
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