Ferramonti, not Palestine: The Failed Aliyah bet of the “Benghazi Group,” 1939–1943

IF 0.4 3区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY
Susanna Schrafstetter
{"title":"Ferramonti, not Palestine: The Failed Aliyah bet of the “Benghazi Group,” 1939–1943","authors":"Susanna Schrafstetter","doi":"10.1093/hgs/dcad061","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"\n This article focuses on the journey of “the Benghazi group,” three hundred European Jewish refugees fleeing Nazism, who, for several months in 1940, were stranded in Benghazi, then part of the Italian colonial empire. They organized and attempted to sail from Italy to Palestine in an Aliyah bet voyage, but were eventually forcibly returned to Italy and interned in the Ferramonti camp in the south of the country. Even though the British liberated Ferramonti in 1943, in 1941 and 1942 many Jews had already been transferred to internment locations further north. When Germany occupied Italy in fall 1943, many members of the Benghazi group thus fell victim to the Holocaust. This article examines the possibilities and limitations for self-help and agency among Jewish refugees in Fascist Italy. It describes their experiences in the context of Fascist Italy’s antisemitic policies and the history of Aliyah bet operations, which did not treat Jews in Italy as a high priority for rescue. At the core of this article lies the story of an encounter between central European Jews and the North African Jews of Benghazi. Having spent their last remaining financial means on the journey to Palestine, the members of the Benghazi group became dependent on the extraordinary hospitality of the Libyan Jews, making Benghazi a temporary sanctuary for European Jewish refugees.","PeriodicalId":44172,"journal":{"name":"HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcad061","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"HISTORY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

This article focuses on the journey of “the Benghazi group,” three hundred European Jewish refugees fleeing Nazism, who, for several months in 1940, were stranded in Benghazi, then part of the Italian colonial empire. They organized and attempted to sail from Italy to Palestine in an Aliyah bet voyage, but were eventually forcibly returned to Italy and interned in the Ferramonti camp in the south of the country. Even though the British liberated Ferramonti in 1943, in 1941 and 1942 many Jews had already been transferred to internment locations further north. When Germany occupied Italy in fall 1943, many members of the Benghazi group thus fell victim to the Holocaust. This article examines the possibilities and limitations for self-help and agency among Jewish refugees in Fascist Italy. It describes their experiences in the context of Fascist Italy’s antisemitic policies and the history of Aliyah bet operations, which did not treat Jews in Italy as a high priority for rescue. At the core of this article lies the story of an encounter between central European Jews and the North African Jews of Benghazi. Having spent their last remaining financial means on the journey to Palestine, the members of the Benghazi group became dependent on the extraordinary hospitality of the Libyan Jews, making Benghazi a temporary sanctuary for European Jewish refugees.
费拉蒙蒂,而非巴勒斯坦:1939-1943 年 "班加西集团 "失败的海外赌注
1940 年,三百名逃离纳粹主义的欧洲犹太难民在班加西滞留数月,当时班加西是意大利殖民帝国的一部分。他们组织起来,试图以 "阿利亚 "为赌注,从意大利驶往巴勒斯坦,但最终被强行送回意大利,关押在该国南部的费拉蒙蒂难民营。尽管英国人在 1943 年解放了费拉蒙蒂,但在 1941 年和 1942 年,许多犹太人已经被转移到更北部的拘留地点。1943 年秋德国占领意大利后,班加西小组的许多成员因此成为大屠杀的受害者。本文探讨了法西斯意大利犹太难民自助和代理的可能性和局限性。文章结合法西斯意大利的反犹太主义政策和 "阿利亚投注 "行动的历史,描述了他们的经历。这篇文章的核心内容是中欧犹太人与班加西的北非犹太人相遇的故事。班加西小组的成员在前往巴勒斯坦的旅途中耗尽了仅剩的财力,他们开始依赖利比亚犹太人的热情款待,班加西因此成为欧洲犹太难民的临时避难所。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
33.30%
发文量
63
期刊介绍: The major forum for scholarship on the Holocaust and other genocides, Holocaust and Genocide Studies is an international journal featuring research articles, interpretive essays, and book reviews in the social sciences and humanities. It is the principal publication to address the issue of how insights into the Holocaust apply to other genocides. Articles compel readers to confront many aspects of human behavior, to contemplate major moral issues, to consider the role of science and technology in human affairs, and to reconsider significant political and social factors.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信