[The spread of aerosols and splashes during the removal of dental deposits with an ultrasonic scaler].

Abstract

There is an increased prevalence of respiratory infections among dentists, which is associated with a heavily polluted breathing area in the dental office. Patients and dentists are at high risk of cross-infection due to the spread of aerosols in the form of droplets suspended in the air. The ultrasonic scaler is the largest source of aerosols and spatter in the dental office. Aerosols remain in the air for a long time even after the completion of a dental procedure and have a potential risk of inhalation.

Purpose of the study: To evaluate the spatial distribution of aerosols and splashes during a dental appointment during ultrasonic dental treatment.

Material and methods: The study was conducted on a mannequin equipped with phantom jaws, where dental plaque removal was simulated using an ultrasonic scaler filled with fluorescein. The amount of contamination was measured using a transparent grid with a square marking of 1 cm². The grid was placed on top of a disk of filter paper and the area of contamination was measured by counting the number of soiled squares. If a square had at least 1 yellow area, then it was considered polluted.

Results: Aerosols and splashes were distributed up to 60 cm from the head restraint. Aerosols can spread over more than 1 m.

Conclusions: The study showed the spread of aerosols and splashes during dental appointments. The risk of infection can be minimized by following simple protective measures.