Hypocrisy judgements are affected by target attitude strength and attitude moralization

IF 2.8 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Thomas Ian Vaughan-Johnston
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Abstract

Researchers and philosophers have debated what leads people to judge others as being hypocritical. Some research has shown that perceivers consider targets to be more hypocritical when those targets contradict attitudes that are strongly (e.g., moralized and/or certain) rather than weakly held by the target. In the present work, I attempt to advance this research in several respects. First, I integrate these findings with research on the dimensions of attitude strength (i.e., commitment, embeddedness) to provide a more structured analysis of these claims. I show that characterizing a target's views as embedded and committed has many of the same hypocrisy-related effects as labelling those views as moral, and affect (negative) evaluations of targets through similar mechanisms. However, in Experiment 3, I show that moral attitudes are, nonetheless, perceived as distinct from classic strength dimensions in one crucial respect: the presumption that the target would impose them on other people. Furthermore, whereas judgements of hypocrisy relating to embedded/committed attitudes can be mitigated when perceivers engage in situational attribution, perceivers rendering judgements of hypocrisy relating to moral attitudes resist situational counter-explanations.

Abstract Image

虚伪判断受目标态度强度和态度道德化的影响
研究人员和哲学家们一直在争论是什么导致人们判断他人虚伪。一些研究表明,当目标人物的态度与目标人物所持的强烈(如道德化和/或确定)而非微弱的态度相矛盾时,感知者会认为目标人物更加虚伪。在本研究中,我试图从几个方面推进这一研究。首先,我将这些发现与态度强度维度(即承诺、嵌入性)的研究结合起来,对这些主张进行更有条理的分析。我的研究表明,将目标人物的观点定性为嵌入性和承诺性与将这些观点定性为道德性具有许多相同的虚伪相关效应,并通过类似的机制影响对目标人物的(负面)评价。然而,在实验 3 中,我发现道德态度在一个关键方面被认为有别于传统的强度维度:即假定目标会将道德态度强加于他人。此外,当知觉者进行情境归因时,与内嵌/承诺态度相关的虚伪性判断可以减轻,而知觉者对道德态度的虚伪性判断则会抵制情境反解释。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
7.70%
发文量
84
期刊介绍: Topics covered include, among others, intergroup relations, group processes, social cognition, attitudes, social influence and persuasion, self and identity, verbal and nonverbal communication, language and thought, affect and emotion, embodied and situated cognition and individual differences of social-psychological relevance. Together with original research articles, the European Journal of Social Psychology"s innovative and inclusive style is reflected in the variety of articles published: Research Article: Original articles that provide a significant contribution to the understanding of social phenomena, up to a maximum of 12,000 words in length.
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