Review of the Policy, Social, Operational, and Technological Factors Affecting Cigarette Butt Recycling Potential in Extended Producer Responsibility Programs

IF 4.6 Q2 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Recycling Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI:10.3390/recycling8060095
Aron Pazzaglia, Beatrice Castellani
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Cigarette butts (CBs) are the most diffuse waste in the world, often abandoned into the environment without proper disposal. They are dangerous because of the numerous harmful chemicals potentially released by them into the environment. In the literature, there are several technological options for CB recycling, but some critical concerns could affect their effectiveness due to the quality and quantity of CB litter that is collected in the proper way. The extended producer responsibility scheme for CBs is proposed at the Europe level as an action to tackle CB litter and encourage sustainable product development. The present paper focuses on analyzing the existing literature to identify critical issues within the policy framework, social behavior, waste collection and transport, and technological processes. The collection and transport of CB waste is a major issue, being a key step for bringing CB to the recycling process. The main concern is the small quantity of CBs collected: 0.06% of the municipal waste and 0.18% of the unsorted waste in the case study’s administrative area of Perugia. Another crucial issue is the need for behavioral interventions to increase education and awareness of citizens that are smokers, addressing the discrepancy between smokers’ behaviors and beliefs. The main results, along with the critical issues related to the topics, are highlighted.
对影响生产者延伸责任计划中烟头回收潜力的政策、社会、运营和技术因素的审查
烟头是世界上最分散的废物,经常未经适当处理就被丢弃在环境中。它们是危险的,因为它们可能向环境中释放大量有害化学物质。在文献中,有几种CB回收的技术选择,但由于以适当方式收集的CB垃圾的质量和数量,一些关键问题可能会影响其有效性。在欧洲层面上提出了CB的扩展生产者责任计划,作为解决CB垃圾和鼓励可持续产品开发的行动。本文着重分析现有文献,以确定政策框架、社会行为、废物收集和运输以及技术过程中的关键问题。废物的收集和运输是一个主要问题,是将废物纳入回收过程的关键步骤。主要的问题是收集的CBs数量少:在案例研究的佩鲁贾行政区域,城市垃圾的0.06%和未分类垃圾的0.18%。另一个关键问题是需要采取行为干预措施,以增加对吸烟者公民的教育和认识,解决吸烟者的行为和信仰之间的差异。重点介绍了主要结果以及与主题相关的关键问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Recycling
Recycling Environmental Science-Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
7.00%
发文量
84
审稿时长
11 weeks
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