Assessment of the use of tailings based on the legal requirements for radiation protection, from niobium mining in Minas Gerais – Brazil

Elydio Soares, Talita Santos, Filipe Mazzaro, Fernando Almeida, Bruno Mendes, Ricardo Gomes, Telma Fonseca
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Abstract

Brazil is the world's largest supplier of niobium to industry, accounting for 98% of world production, with Minas Gerais supplying 80% of total production. The mineral exploration industry generates millions of tons of waste annually. In several mining industries, waste is considered a burden for companies. Based on the radiation protection exemptions for the disposal of mining waste, the study analyses the use of waste as a raw material for the construction industry. The minimum dose rate found for gamma radiation in the waste was 0.24 µSv/h and a maximum dose of 0.33 µSv/h, which corresponds to an annual dose above the population exposure limit. The radio concentrations from gamma spectrometric analyses with the Ge(HP) detector for the two samples are a maximum of 240 Bq/kg for Ra-226 and a maximum of 840 Bq/kg for Ra-228. Despite the dose values determined for gamma radiation, CNEN Resolution 179 of 2014 considers materials with natural radioactive concentrations of radium 226 and 228 of up to 1000 Bq/kg suitable for use in the cement industry. Nevertheless, further analysis must be carried out. Since the tailings contain a concentration of Ra-226 and the radio is a source of radon gas, new analyses need to be carried out targeting the exhalation of radon.
根据辐射防护法律要求评估巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州铌矿开采尾矿的使用情况
巴西是世界上最大的工业铌供应国,占世界产量的98%,其中米纳斯吉拉斯州占总产量的80%。矿产勘探行业每年产生数百万吨废物。在一些采矿业,废物被认为是公司的负担。本研究以矿业废弃物处理的辐射防护豁免为基础,分析了废弃物作为建筑行业原料的利用。在废物中发现的伽马辐射的最小剂量率为0.24 μ西沃特/小时,最大剂量为0.33 μ西沃特/小时,相当于超过人口照射限值的年剂量。用Ge(HP)探测器对两种样品进行伽马能谱分析的放射性浓度最高为Ra-226 240 Bq/kg, Ra-228最高为840 Bq/kg。尽管确定了伽马辐射的剂量值,但CNEN 2014年第179号决议认为,天然放射性浓度高达1000 Bq/kg的镭226和228的材料适合用于水泥行业。然而,必须进行进一步的分析。由于尾矿中含有一定浓度的Ra-226,而无线电又是氡气的来源,因此需要针对氡的排放进行新的分析。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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