INFLUENCE OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL COMPLEX PREPARATIONS OF LIQUID ON NITROGEN METABOLISM IN PRODUCTIVE ORGANS OF THE WHEAT WINTER FORMATION

Abstract

The influence of complex preparations on nitrogen metabolism in the early stages of winter wheat organogenesis was studied. The activivity of key enzymes of nitrogen metabolism, TBA-active products, NH3 concentration, and chlorophyll content under the experimental condition were determined. There is a tendency to increase the activity of AsAT, while the mixture of macronutrients on the enzymatic activity of another enzyme, on the contrary, on average, by 23 % under the influence of the macroelements complex on winter wheat crops. There was an increase in the activity of AsAT by 41 % on average, and AlAT by 36.3 % with Avatarm-2 in winter wheat leaves. A decrease in the activity of both key enzymes of nitrogen metabolism under the influence of Avatarm-2-m complex was found, on average, by 27.2 % and 32.5 %, respectively, which indicates the stabilization of the metabolic direction of products and substrates by trace elements in the metabolic state of winter wheat leaf cells. Under the influence of Avatarm-2-st, there is a decrease in AlAT activity, on average 26.6 %, while the effect of succinate on the activity of AlAT was more significant – on average 48.3 %, because the biotechnological preparation Avatarm-2-st contains succinate, while Avatarm-2-m contains malic acid. AlAT reactions produce pyruvate, a key substrate of glucogenesis, whose increase can help activate the synthesis of carbohydrates necessary for plant growth. The enzymes AsAT and AlAT play a key role in the metabolism of aspartate, alanine, and glutamate, and the first two enzymes are used to form amides such as asparagine and glumamine, so increasing their activity is a condition for the accumulation of these amides as a reserve of NH4+. The concentration of NH3 under the influence of Avatarm-2 increased by 42 %, while under Avatarm-2-m and Avatarm-2-st the concentration did not change, indicating the regulatory effect of malate and succinate on the activation and degree of use of this form of Nitrogen in alternative processes of amino acid conversion. The chlorophyll content under the influence of LCP-macro increases, on average, by 2.8 times, under the influence of Avatarm-2- by 2.8 times, while the effect of acids in the composition of Avatarm-2-m and Avatarm-2-st is manifested differently, but the direction of decrease in this indicator relative to Avatarm-2 decreases, however, compared to the control, it increases this criterion, on average, by 1.9 and 1.7 times, respectively. It has been concluded that the optimization of nitrogen metabolism in winter wheat leaves under the action of chelated metal nanoparticles with organic acids malate and succinate at the critical stage of its organogenesis – tubing in the process of formation of productive winter wheat.