{"title":"Mapping the landscape of T cell-recognized neoantigens in cancer patients","authors":"Wouter Scheper","doi":"10.1038/s41435-023-00230-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12691,"journal":{"name":"Genes and immunity","volume":"24 6","pages":"287-288"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Genes and immunity","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41435-023-00230-x","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GENETICS & HEREDITY","Score":null,"Total":0}
试图利用 T 细胞的抗肿瘤反应性(如免疫检查点抑制)的癌症免疫疗法已在一部分癌症患者中产生了显著的临床效果。过去 5-10 年的研究证据表明,这些疗法的临床疗效在很多情况下取决于患者 T 细胞对所谓的新抗原的反应性--这些新抗原是由肿瘤获得的非同义 DNA 变异产生的短肽抗原,可在主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)中呈现,供患者 T 细胞识别[1]。从治疗的角度来看,这些新抗原是引导 T 细胞应答的有吸引力的癌症抗原,因为它们只出现在患者的肿瘤细胞上,因此不太可能引起 T 细胞介导的对健康组织的毒性。因此,人们开始努力设计新型免疫疗法,专门增强癌症患者的新抗原反应 T 细胞库。然而,这种方法的成功与否关键在于我们是否有能力识别免疫原性新抗原,而由于种种原因,这并不是完全直截了当的。例如,肿瘤可能携带许多突变,其中通常只有少数(1-2%)能引起 T 细胞反应,这意味着我们需要能大规模发现新抗原的工具。此外,除少数例外情况,肿瘤突变及其相关的新抗原都是癌症患者个体独有的,这意味着我们需要能够以真正个性化的方式识别 T 细胞识别的新抗原。使问题更加复杂的是,免疫肿瘤学领域迄今为止主要关注细胞毒性 CD8+ T 细胞对抗肿瘤 T 细胞反应的贡献,大多缺乏绘制肿瘤反应性 CD4+ 辅助 T 细胞抗原特异性图谱的实验工具。
期刊介绍:
Genes & Immunity emphasizes studies investigating how genetic, genomic and functional variations affect immune cells and the immune system, and associated processes in the regulation of health and disease. It further highlights articles on the transcriptional and posttranslational control of gene products involved in signaling pathways regulating immune cells, and protective and destructive immune responses.