Covid-Induced School Closures in the US and Germany: Long-Term Distributional Effects

IF 4.5 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS
Nicola Fuchs-Schündeln
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Almost all countries worldwide closed schools at the outbreak of the Covid-19 crisis. I document that schooling time dropped on average by -55% in the US and -45% in Germany from the onset of the crisis to the summer of 2021. In the US, schools were closed longer in richer than in poorer areas, while in Germany the regional variation is much smaller. However, Germany exhibited substantial variation by grade level, with a strong U-shaped patterns that implies that children attending middle school faced the longest closures. A structural model of human capital accumulation predicts that the US school closures on average lead to a reduction of life-time earnings of –1.8% for the affected children. While the overall losses are likely somewhat smaller in Germany, the socio-economic gradient in the losses could be larger than in the US, leading to increased inequality and decreased intergenerational mobility.
美国和德国因新冠肺炎导致的学校停课:长期分配效应
Covid-19危机爆发时,世界上几乎所有国家都关闭了学校。我记录了从危机开始到2021年夏天,美国和德国的上学时间平均下降了55%和45%。在美国,富裕地区的学校关闭时间比贫困地区长,而在德国,地区差异要小得多。然而,德国在不同年级表现出了很大的差异,有很强的u形模式,这意味着上中学的孩子面临的关闭时间最长。一个人力资本积累的结构模型预测,美国学校关闭平均会导致受影响儿童的终身收入减少-1.8%。虽然德国的总体损失可能略小,但损失的社会经济梯度可能比美国更大,导致不平等加剧,代际流动性下降。
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来源期刊
Economic Policy
Economic Policy ECONOMICS-
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
41
期刊介绍: Economic Policy provides timely and authoritative analyses of the choices confronting policymakers. The subject matter ranges from the study of how individual markets can and should work to the broadest interactions in the world economy. Economic Policy features: Analysis of key issues as they emerge Views of top international economists Frontier thinking without technical jargon Wide-reaching coverage of worldwide policy debate
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