Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitro-PAHs, and halogenated-PAHs in Shanxi, China

IF 2.9 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Zhiping Li, Qianlong Hao, Jianwei Yue, Jie Qin, Chuan Dong, Yong Li, Ken Kin Lam Yung, Ruijin Li
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Emerging pollutants, nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs), and halogenated PAHs (HPAHs), in atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in four cities (Taiyuan, Yangquan, Changzhi, and Jincheng) during the non-heating and heating periods of Shanxi province, China, in 2020, were monitored to investigate their pollution characteristics and potential health risk. The exposure levels of PM2.5-bound ∑16PAHs, ∑13NPAHs, ∑6ClPAHs, and ∑7BrPAHs during the heating period ascended compared to the non-heating period. 2N-Nap, 1N-Nap, 2N-Fle, and 9N-Phe were primary monomers in NPAHs with higher concentrations, while higher levels of 2Br-Fle, 2Cl-Ant, and 9Cl-Phe were in HPAHs. Toxic equivalency quotients (TEQs), incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR), and loss of life expectancy (LLE) results suggested that PM2.5-bound PAHs during the heating periods posed a potential carcinogenic risk. The ILCR and loss of life expectancy (LLE) values of PM2.5-bound PAHs showed a similar decreasing trend with an order: adults (age 30–70) > toddler >adults (age 18–30) > teenagers > children >baby. The TEQ and ILCR values of ∑13NPAHs and ∑13HPAHs in PM2.5 were far below the safety threshold, indicating no obvious cancer risks. The pollution of PM2.5-bound PAHs, NPAHs, and HPAHs and potential health risks in Yangquan and Changzhi was more serious compared to Taiyuan and Jincheng.

山西省pm2.5结合型多环芳烃、硝基多环芳烃和卤代多环芳烃污染特征及健康风险评价
对2020年山西省4个城市(太原、阳泉、长治和晋城)非采暖期和采暖期大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)中新出现的污染物硝基多环芳烃(NPAHs)和卤代多环芳烃(HPAHs)进行了监测,探讨了它们的污染特征和潜在健康风险。采暖期pm2.5结合的∑16PAHs、∑13NPAHs、∑6ClPAHs和∑7BrPAHs暴露水平均高于非采暖期。2N-Nap、1N-Nap、2N-Fle和9N-Phe是NPAHs中浓度较高的主要单体,而2Br-Fle、2Cl-Ant和9Cl-Phe在HPAHs中浓度较高。毒性当量商(TEQs)、终生癌症风险增量(ILCR)和预期寿命损失(LLE)结果表明,加热期间pm2.5结合的多环芳烃具有潜在的致癌风险。pm2.5结合多环芳烃的ILCR和预期寿命损失值呈相似的下降趋势,顺序为:成人(30 ~ 70岁);幼儿>成人(18-30岁)>青少年比;孩子在婴儿。PM2.5中∑13NPAHs和∑13HPAHs的TEQ和ILCR值均远低于安全阈值,没有明显的致癌风险。与太原和晋城相比,阳泉市和长治市pm2.5结合的PAHs、NPAHs和HPAHs污染及潜在健康风险更为严重。
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来源期刊
Air Quality Atmosphere and Health
Air Quality Atmosphere and Health ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
2.00%
发文量
146
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Air Quality, Atmosphere, and Health is a multidisciplinary journal which, by its very name, illustrates the broad range of work it publishes and which focuses on atmospheric consequences of human activities and their implications for human and ecological health. It offers research papers, critical literature reviews and commentaries, as well as special issues devoted to topical subjects or themes. International in scope, the journal presents papers that inform and stimulate a global readership, as the topic addressed are global in their import. Consequently, we do not encourage submission of papers involving local data that relate to local problems. Unless they demonstrate wide applicability, these are better submitted to national or regional journals. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health addresses such topics as acid precipitation; airborne particulate matter; air quality monitoring and management; exposure assessment; risk assessment; indoor air quality; atmospheric chemistry; atmospheric modeling and prediction; air pollution climatology; climate change and air quality; air pollution measurement; atmospheric impact assessment; forest-fire emissions; atmospheric science; greenhouse gases; health and ecological effects; clean air technology; regional and global change and satellite measurements. This journal benefits a diverse audience of researchers, public health officials and policy makers addressing problems that call for solutions based in evidence from atmospheric and exposure assessment scientists, epidemiologists, and risk assessors. Publication in the journal affords the opportunity to reach beyond defined disciplinary niches to this broader readership.
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