Recent HIV-1 infection in Israel 2017–2021: Evaluation of geenius and HIV-1/2 combo assays for identifying recent infection detected by Sedia assay and assessment of factors related to recent infection

IF 4 3区医学 Q2 VIROLOGY

Journal of Clinical Virology Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI:10.1016/j.jcv.2023.105624

Eyal Azuri , Marina Wax , Yael Gozlan , Tali Wagner , Orna Mor

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Estimating HIV-1 recency of infection for incidence and local outbreaks detection usually involves specifically designed assays. Here, we established an approach to identify recent infections, estimate their rate, and assess potential risk factors.

Methods

Randomly selected HIV-1 positive samples (n = 382) collected in 2017–2021 were tested by Sedia and compared to the results of Geenius recency algorithm and the S/CO values of the HIV-1/2 Combo assay. Using Geenius and Combo recency verdict, we assessed all cases diagnosed in 2017–2021. Related factors were further assessed.

Results

While Geenius and Combo had a sensitivity of 65.9 % and 89.30 %, respectively, and specificity of 96 % and 90 %, respectively, compared to Sedia, higher concordance (97.2 %) and kappa (>0.9) were observed when the verdict of both assays together was compared to Sedia. Using this approach, 15.3 % (238/1548) of individuals diagnosed in 2017–2021 were defined as recently infected. In multivariate analysis, recent diagnosis was mainly associated with men who have sex with men (MSM) and with birthplace in Israel, Western/Central Europe, or North America.

Conclusions

Only 15.3 % of infections in 2017–2021, mainly in MSM and Israeli/Western countries-born individuals, were diagnosed early. Regular diagnostic assays have a potential to identify and monitor trends in recent infections.

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以色列最近的HIV-1感染:2017-2021年:评估用于识别最近感染的Geenius和HIV-1/2组合试验，并评估与最近感染相关的因素:以色列最近的HIV-1感染

背景估计HIV-1感染的发生率和局部暴发检测通常涉及专门设计的分析。在这里，我们建立了一种方法来识别最近的感染，估计其发生率，并评估潜在的危险因素。方法随机选择2017-2021年采集的HIV-1阳性样本(n=382)，采用Sedia检测，并与genenius近因算法结果和HIV-1/2 Combo法的S/CO值进行比较。使用genius和Combo近期判决，我们评估了2017-2021年诊断的所有病例。进一步评估相关因素。结果与Sedia相比，Geenius和Combo的敏感性分别为65.9%和89.30%，特异性分别为96%和90%，两种方法的一致性(97.2%)和kappa (>0.9)更高。使用这种方法，2017-2021年诊断出的个体中有15.3%(238/1548)被定义为最近感染。在多变量分析中，最近的诊断主要与男男性行为者(MSM)和以色列、西欧/中欧或北美的出生地有关。2017-2021年，只有15.3%的感染者得到了早期诊断，主要是男同性恋者和以色列/西方国家出生的人。定期诊断分析有可能确定和监测最近感染的趋势。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Clinical Virology 医学-病毒学

CiteScore

22.70

自引率

1.10%

发文量

149

审稿时长

24 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Clinical Virology, an esteemed international publication, serves as the official journal for both the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology and The European Society for Clinical Virology. Dedicated to advancing the understanding of human virology in clinical settings, the Journal of Clinical Virology focuses on disseminating research papers and reviews pertaining to the clinical aspects of virology. Its scope encompasses articles discussing diagnostic methodologies and virus-induced clinical conditions, with an emphasis on practicality and relevance to clinical practice. The journal publishes on topics that include: • new diagnostic technologies • nucleic acid amplification and serologic testing • targeted and metagenomic next-generation sequencing • emerging pandemic viral threats • respiratory viruses • transplant viruses • chronic viral infections • cancer-associated viruses • gastrointestinal viruses • central nervous system viruses • one health (excludes animal health)