Atomization characteristics of pyrolysis oil derived from waste tires

Hong Feng, Zhitong Yin, Qin Hong, Yiming Hu, Lintao Liu, Jun Wang, Qunxing Huang, Yonggang Zhou
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Abstract

The atomization characteristics play a key role in the highly efficient combustion of pyrolysis oil derived from waste tires. In this study, the fuel properties of tire pyrolysis oil (TPO) were initially studied, and then a high-speed camera and a phase Doppler particle analyzer were employed to characterize the atomization feature of TPO. The influence of pressure and nozzle orifice diameter on atomization characteristics such as spray angle, droplet velocity, and droplet size distribution was investigated. The results showed that TPO had a high calorific value of about 43.6 MJ/kg and a low viscosity of 3.84×10–6 m2/s at 40 °C, which made it have the potential to be used as an alternative fuel. Higher pressure expanded the spray angle and extended the spray in both the axial and radial directions. With increasing pressure, spray angle and droplet velocity raised, and the increase in crushing effect of air reduced the Sauter mean diameter (SMD) of the droplets. To obtain proper atomization quality for combustion, the pressure is expected to be higher than 1.25 MPa. With increasing nozzle orifice diameter, droplet velocity increased, and the SMD of the droplets increased as well due to weakened crushing effect of the orifice. Therefore, the pressure must be increased to maintain the atomization quality when using a nozzle with a larger orifice. Due to the lower viscosity, the velocity and particle size distribution of TPO droplets after atomization were smaller than those of diesel droplets. The extremely small carbon black contained in TPO also contributed to the breaking of droplets and played a certain role in the size reduction of the oil droplets, but it may cause the risk of nozzle blockage. In summary, TPO showed great atomization characteristics for alternative fuel applications.

Graphical abstract

Abstract Image

废轮胎热解油的雾化特性
废轮胎热解油的雾化特性对其高效燃烧起着关键作用。本研究首先对轮胎热解油(TPO)的燃料特性进行了研究,然后利用高速摄像机和相位多普勒颗粒分析仪对TPO的雾化特性进行了表征。研究了压力和喷嘴孔径对喷雾角、液滴速度和液滴粒径分布等雾化特性的影响。结果表明,TPO在40℃时具有43.6 MJ/kg的高热值和3.84×10-6 m2/s的低粘度,具有作为替代燃料的潜力。较高的压力扩大了喷射角度,并在轴向和径向上扩展了喷雾。随着压力的增加,喷雾角和液滴速度增大,空气破碎效果的增强使液滴的平均直径减小。为了获得适当的燃烧雾化质量,期望压力高于1.25 MPa。随着喷嘴孔径的增大,液滴速度增大,由于喷嘴孔径的破碎作用减弱,液滴的SMD也增大。因此,在使用较大孔径的喷嘴时,必须增加压力以保持雾化质量。由于粘度较低,雾化后TPO液滴的速度和粒径分布均小于柴油液滴。TPO中含有的极小的炭黑也有助于油滴的破碎,对油滴的缩小起到一定的作用,但也可能造成喷嘴堵塞的风险。综上所述,TPO在替代燃料应用中表现出良好的雾化特性。图形抽象
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