Hormone profiles of the African pygmy mouse Mus minutoides, a species with XY female sex reversal

IF 1.9 3区 生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY
Frederic Veyrunes, Julie Perez, Louise D. Heitzmann, Paul A. Saunders, Laurent Givalois
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Abstract

In mammals, most sex differences in phenotype are controlled by gonadal hormones, but recent work on transgenic mice has shown that sex chromosomes can have a direct influence on sex-specific behaviors. In this study, we take advantage of the naturally occurring sex reversal in a mouse species, Mus minutoides, to investigate for the first time the relationship between sex chromosomes, hormones, and behaviors in a wild species. In this model, a feminizing variant of the X chromosome, named X*, produces three types of females with different sex chromosome complements (XX, XX*, and X*Y), associated with alternative behavioral phenotypes, while all males are XY. We thus compared the levels of three major circulating steroid hormones (testosterone, corticosterone, and estradiol) in the four sex genotypes to disentangle the influence of sex chromosomes and sex hormones on behavior. First, we did not find any difference in testosterone levels in the three female genotypes, although X*Y females are notoriously more aggressive. Second, in agreement with their lower anxiety-related behaviors, X*Y females and XY males display lower baseline corticosterone concentration than XX and XX* females. Instead of a direct hormonal influence, this result rather suggests that sex chromosomes may have an impact on the baseline corticosterone level, which in turn may influence behaviors. Third, estradiol concentrations do not explain the enhanced reproductive performance and maternal care behavior of the X*Y females compared to the XX and XX* females. Overall, this study highlights that most of the behaviors varying along with sex chromosome complement of this species are more likely driven by genetic factors rather than steroid hormone concentrations.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

非洲侏儒鼠的激素谱,一种具有XY雌性性别反转的物种。
在哺乳动物中,大多数表现型的性别差异是由性腺激素控制的,但最近对转基因小鼠的研究表明,性染色体可以直接影响性别特异性行为。在这项研究中,我们利用一种自然发生的小鼠性别逆转,首次研究了野生物种性染色体、激素和行为之间的关系。在该模型中,X染色体的雌性化变体X*产生三种类型的女性,具有不同的性染色体补体(XX, XX*和X*Y),与不同的行为表型相关,而所有男性都是XY。因此,我们比较了四种性别基因型中三种主要循环类固醇激素(睾酮、皮质酮和雌二醇)的水平,以解开性染色体和性激素对行为的影响。首先,我们没有发现三种雌性基因型的睾丸激素水平有任何差异,尽管X*Y型的雌性是出了名的更具攻击性。其次,与他们较低的焦虑相关行为相一致,X*Y女性和XY男性的皮质酮基线浓度低于XX和XX*女性。这一结果并没有直接受到激素的影响,而是表明性染色体可能对基线皮质酮水平有影响,而皮质酮水平反过来又可能影响行为。第三,雌二醇浓度不能解释与XX和XX*雌性相比,X*Y雌性的生殖性能和母性护理行为有所提高。总的来说,本研究强调了该物种的大多数行为随性染色体补体的变化更可能是由遗传因素而不是类固醇激素浓度驱动的。
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来源期刊
Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology
Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Molecular Biology
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
3.60%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: The Journal of Experimental Zoology – A publishes articles at the interface between Development, Physiology, Ecology and Evolution. Contributions that help to reveal how molecular, functional and ecological variation relate to one another are particularly welcome. The Journal publishes original research in the form of rapid communications or regular research articles, as well as perspectives and reviews on topics pertaining to the scope of the Journal. Acceptable articles are limited to studies on animals.
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