Following community norms or an internal compass? The role of prospective leaders' social category membership in the differential effects of authentic and ethical leadership on stereotype threat.

IF 9.4 1区 心理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT
Journal of Applied Psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-07 DOI:10.1037/apl0001156
Urszula Lagowska, Filipe Sobral, Jorge Jacob, Andrew C Hafenbrack, Rafael Goldszmidt
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Abstract

Increasing racial diversity in organizations remains a challenge, as stereotype threat undermines the performance and career aspirations of minority group members during job recruitment. The present study examines how prospective leaders can leverage their influence on their followers' identities to mitigate the stereotype threat Black individuals face in this context. We explore the effects of two moral leadership styles (ethical vs. authentic) on stereotype threat in the context of recruitment. Specifically, we investigate whether prospective leaders' ingroup status moderates the relationship between ethical versus authentic leadership styles and candidates' stereotype threat during the selection process and candidates' willingness to join the organization. To this end, we conducted four experiments with Black residents of Brazilian favelas (impoverished neighborhoods), two of which included real-world job recruitment processes and physiological measures of stress (i.e., salivary cortisol and blood pressure). The results indicate that when the prospective leaders are from the outgroup, displaying ethical leadership by relying on community norms is more helpful in reducing Black candidates' threat and, in turn, promotes willingness to apply for the job. In contrast, when the leader is from the ingroup, displaying authentic leadership by emphasizing the importance of an internal moral compass is more helpful in reducing threat, and this effect is mediated by the identity process of inclusion of the leader in the self. Overall, the present study suggests that prospective direct supervisors have the critical ability to reduce stereotype threat, which can negatively affect Black applicants and their desire to join organizations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

遵循社区规范还是遵循内部指南?未来领导者所属社会类别在真实型领导和伦理型领导对刻板印象威胁的差异效应中的作用。
在组织中增加种族多样性仍然是一个挑战,因为刻板印象威胁会在招聘过程中破坏少数群体成员的表现和职业抱负。本研究探讨了未来领导者如何利用他们对追随者身份的影响来减轻黑人个体在这种背景下面临的刻板印象威胁。本研究探讨了两种道德领导风格(伦理型和真实型)在招聘情境下对刻板印象威胁的影响。具体而言,我们研究了未来领导者的群体地位是否调节了伦理型和真实型领导风格、候选人在选择过程中的刻板印象威胁和候选人加入组织的意愿之间的关系。为此,我们对巴西贫民窟(贫困社区)的黑人居民进行了四项实验,其中两项包括现实世界的工作招聘过程和压力的生理测量(即唾液皮质醇和血压)。结果表明,当未来领导者来自外群体时,依靠社区规范表现出的道德领导力更有助于减少黑人候选人的威胁,进而提高他们的求职意愿。相反,当领导者来自内部群体时,通过强调内部道德指南针的重要性来展示真实的领导力更有助于减少威胁,并且这种效果是由领导者融入自我的认同过程介导的。总体而言,本研究表明,未来的直接主管具有降低刻板印象威胁的关键能力,刻板印象威胁会对黑人申请人及其加入组织的愿望产生负面影响。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2023 APA,版权所有)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
17.60
自引率
6.10%
发文量
175
期刊介绍: The Journal of Applied Psychology® focuses on publishing original investigations that contribute new knowledge and understanding to fields of applied psychology (excluding clinical and applied experimental or human factors, which are better suited for other APA journals). The journal primarily considers empirical and theoretical investigations that enhance understanding of cognitive, motivational, affective, and behavioral psychological phenomena in work and organizational settings. These phenomena can occur at individual, group, organizational, or cultural levels, and in various work settings such as business, education, training, health, service, government, or military institutions. The journal welcomes submissions from both public and private sector organizations, for-profit or nonprofit. It publishes several types of articles, including: 1.Rigorously conducted empirical investigations that expand conceptual understanding (original investigations or meta-analyses). 2.Theory development articles and integrative conceptual reviews that synthesize literature and generate new theories on psychological phenomena to stimulate novel research. 3.Rigorously conducted qualitative research on phenomena that are challenging to capture with quantitative methods or require inductive theory building.
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