Observed near-inertial waves generated by tropical and extratropical cyclones in the East China Sea

IF 2.1 4区地球科学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Journal of Sea Research Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.seares.2023.102458

Yishan Niu , Zhenhua Xu , Zhanjiu Hao , Jia You , Baoshu Yin , Xinzhu Meng

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Abstract

Both tropical and extratropical cyclones can affect the East China Sea (ECS) shelf in summer. Based on a current mooring deployed in 2014, near-inertial waves (NIWs) triggered by both extratropical and tropical cyclones were examined. During the observation period, three tropical cyclones (i.e., NEOGURI, MATMO, and NAKRI) passed by the mooring site. MATMO and NAKRI led to obvious near-inertial responses. The weakest tropical cyclone (MATMO) caused the strongest NIWs due to its large translation speed and favorable position relative to the mooring site. Mode 1 dominates the vertical structure of the NIWs caused by tropical cyclones. Due to the modulation of the background vorticity, the NIWs show a significant blueshift. However, the NIWs caused by extratropical cyclones are mainly concentrated near the surface layer with a higher proportion of mode-2 NIWs. The highest value of the near-inertial kinetic energy generated by extratropical cyclones is about half of that generated by tropical cyclones. In addition, both two kinds of cyclones can lead to an enhancement of sub-inertial current in the ECS shelf. The nonlinear interactions between NIWs and semidiurnal internal tides (D₂) are also evidenced, with the NIWs being a potential trigger for D₂-f waves. This study highlights the important role of NIW on the nonlinear interactions and energy transfer within the internal wave spectral continuum in the continental shelf region.

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观测到的东海热带气旋和副热带气旋产生的近惯性波

热带气旋和副热带气旋都会在夏季影响中国东海（ECS）大陆架。基于 2014 年部署的海流锚系设备，研究了外热带气旋和热带气旋引发的近惯性波（NIWs）。在观测期间，三个热带气旋（即 "NEOGURI"、"MATMO "和 "NAKRI"）经过锚泊点。MATMO 和 NAKRI 产生了明显的近惯性响应。最弱的热带气旋（MATMO）由于其较大的平移速度和相对于锚泊点的有利位置，引起了最强的近惯性波。模式 1 主导了热带气旋引起的 NIWs 的垂直结构。由于背景涡度的调制作用，NIWs 显示出明显的蓝移。然而，外热带气旋引起的近地气旋波主要集中在表层附近，模式-2 近地气旋波所占比例较高。外热带气旋产生的近惯性动能最高值约为热带气旋的一半。此外，这两种气旋都会导致东大陆架亚惯性海流的增强。近岸海流与半日内潮（D2）之间的非线性相互作用也得到了证实，近岸海流是 D2-f 波的潜在触发因素。这项研究强调了非线性内波对大陆架地区内波频谱连续体的非线性相互作用和能量传递的重要作用。

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来源期刊

Journal of Sea Research 地学-海洋学

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

5.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Sea Research is an international and multidisciplinary periodical on marine research, with an emphasis on the functioning of marine ecosystems in coastal and shelf seas, including intertidal, estuarine and brackish environments. As several subdisciplines add to this aim, manuscripts are welcome from the fields of marine biology, marine chemistry, marine sedimentology and physical oceanography, provided they add to the understanding of ecosystem processes.