The Power and Promise of Patient-Derived Xenografts of Human Breast Cancer.

IF 7.8 2区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
Michael T Lewis, Carlos Caldas
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In 2016, a group of researchers engaged in the development of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) of human breast cancer provided a comprehensive review of the state of the field. In that review, they summarized the clinical problem that PDXs might address, the technical approaches to their generation (including a discussion of host animals and transplant conditions tested), and presented transplantation success (take) rates across groups and across transplantation conditions. At the time, there were just over 500 unique PDX models created by these investigators representing all three clinically defined subtypes (ER+, HER2+, and TNBC). Today, many of these PDX resources have at least doubled in size, and several more PDX development groups now exist, such that there may be well upward of 1000 PDX models of human breast cancer in existence worldwide. They also presented a series of open questions for the field. Many of these questions have been addressed. However, several remain open, or only partially addressed. Herein, we revisit these questions, and recount the progress that has been made in a number of areas with respect to generation, characterization, and use of PDXs in translational research, and re-present questions that remain open. These open questions, and others, are now being addressed not only by individual investigators, but also large, well-funded consortia including the PDXNet program of the National Cancer Institute in the United States, and the EuroPDX Consortium, an organization of PDX developers across Europe. Finally, we discuss the new opportunities in PDX-based research.

源于患者的人类乳腺癌异种移植物的力量和前景。
2016 年,一组从事人类乳腺癌患者衍生异种移植物(PDXs)开发的研究人员对该领域的现状进行了全面回顾。在该综述中,他们总结了PDXs可能解决的临床问题、生成PDXs的技术方法(包括对宿主动物和移植条件测试的讨论),并介绍了不同组别和不同移植条件下的移植成功率。当时,由这些研究人员创建的独特 PDX 模型刚刚超过 500 个,代表了所有三种临床定义的亚型(ER+、HER2+ 和 TNBC)。如今,许多 PDX 资源的规模至少翻了一番,而且现在又有了几个 PDX 开发小组,因此全球现有的人类乳腺癌 PDX 模型可能远远超过 1000 个。他们还为该领域提出了一系列开放性问题。其中许多问题已经得到解决。然而,有几个问题仍未解决,或仅得到部分解决。在此,我们将重新审视这些问题,回顾在转化研究中生成、表征和使用 PDX 方面取得的进展,并再次提出仍未解决的问题。目前,不仅个别研究人员在解决这些未决问题,而且包括美国国家癌症研究所的 PDXNet 计划和欧洲 PDX 开发者组织 EuroPDX Consortium 在内的资金雄厚的大型联盟也在解决这些问题。最后,我们将讨论基于 PDX 研究的新机遇。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine
Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
14.30
自引率
1.90%
发文量
44
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine is a monthly online publication comprising reviews on different aspects of a variety of diseases, covering everything from the molecular and cellular bases of disease to translational medicine and new therapeutic strategies. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine is thus unmatched in its depth of coverage and represents an essential source where readers can find informed surveys and critical discussion of advances in molecular medicine.
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