Engineering Crassulacean Acid Metabolism in C3 and C4 Plants.

IF 6.9 2区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY
Xiaohan Yang, Yang Liu, Guoliang Yuan, David J Weston, Gerald A Tuskan
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a major greenhouse gas contributing to changing climatic conditions, which is a grand challenge affecting the security of food, energy, and environment. Photosynthesis plays the central role in plant-based CO2 reduction. Plants performing CAM (crassulacean acid metabolism) photosynthesis have a much higher water use efficiency than those performing C3 or C4 photosynthesis. Therefore, there is a great potential for engineering CAM in C3 or C4 crops to enhance food/biomass production and carbon sequestration on arid, semiarid, abandoned, or marginal lands. Recent progresses in CAM plant genomics and evolution research, along with new advances in plant biotechnology, have provided a solid foundation for bioengineering to convert C3/C4 plants into CAM plants. Here, we first discuss the potential strategies for CAM engineering based on our current understanding of CAM evolution. Then we describe the technical approaches for engineering CAM in C3 and C4 plants, with a focus on an iterative four-step pipeline: (1) designing gene modules, (2) building the gene modules and transforming them into target plants, (3) testing the engineered plants through an integration of molecular biology, biochemistry, metabolism, and physiological approaches, and (4) learning to inform the next round of CAM engineering. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future opportunities for fully realizing the potential of CAM engineering.

C3 和 C4 植物的纤酸代谢工程。
二氧化碳(CO2)是导致气候条件变化的主要温室气体,是影响粮食、能源和环境安全的巨大挑战。光合作用在植物减排二氧化碳的过程中发挥着核心作用。与进行 C3 或 C4 光合作用的植物相比,进行 CAM(腐殖酸代谢)光合作用的植物具有更高的水分利用效率。因此,在 C3 或 C4 作物中进行 CAM 工程,以提高干旱、半干旱、荒芜或贫瘠土地上的粮食/生物量生产和碳固存,具有很大的潜力。CAM 植物基因组学和进化研究的最新进展以及植物生物技术的新进展为生物工程将 C3/C4 植物转化为 CAM 植物奠定了坚实的基础。在此,我们首先根据目前对 CAM 进化的理解,讨论了 CAM 工程的潜在策略。然后,我们介绍了在 C3 和 C4 植物中进行 CAM 工程的技术方法,重点是四步迭代流水线:(1) 设计基因模块;(2) 构建基因模块并将其转化为目标植物;(3) 通过整合分子生物学、生物化学、新陈代谢和生理学方法对工程植物进行测试;(4) 通过学习为下一轮 CAM 工程提供信息。最后,我们将讨论充分发挥 CAM 工程潜力所面临的挑战和未来的机遇。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
15.00
自引率
1.40%
发文量
56
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology offers a comprehensive platform in the molecular life sciences, featuring reviews that span molecular, cell, and developmental biology, genetics, neuroscience, immunology, cancer biology, and molecular pathology. This online publication provides in-depth insights into various topics, making it a valuable resource for those engaged in diverse aspects of biological research.
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