Females evaluated for autism: characteristics and co-occurring and differential DSM-5 diagnoses.

IF 3 3区 心理学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Clinical Neuropsychologist Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-30 DOI:10.1080/13854046.2023.2281709
Tat Shing Yeung, Rachel K Greene, Catherine C Dick, Susanne W Duvall
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: While sex differences in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been identified in areas such as neurocognitive functioning, behavior patterns, and diagnostic criteria, less work has focused on differences within females referred for ASD evaluation, including those who did not go on to receive a diagnosis. This study examined psychological and behavioral characteristics and co-occurring and differential DSM-5 diagnoses between pediatric female participants who received an ASD diagnosis (ASD+) and those who did not (ASD-). Method: Data on cognitive functioning, adaptive functioning, internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, and ADOS-2 scores were analyzed among 137 3- to 20-year-old patients. The sample was divided into two age groups (ages 3-8 and ages 9-20) for analyses of between-group differences (ASD+ vs. ASD-) and predictors of group membership. Results: Females in the ASD+ group were significantly younger, had lower cognitive scores, lower internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and had higher Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 (ADOS-2) scores than those in the ASD- group. ADOS-2 scores were also the only significant predictor of ASD group membership across age groups. The ASD+ group had a higher percentage of intellectual disability while the ASD- group had higher percentages of anxiety disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and disruptive behavior disorders. Conclusions: Psychological and behavioral presentations among females referred for ASD evaluation varied with age and ASD diagnostic groups. These results highlight potential female differences in ASD referrals and identification of ASD and the need to improve care for females in consideration of demographic factors.

女性自闭症评估:特征和共同发生和鉴别DSM-5诊断。
目的:虽然自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的性别差异已经在神经认知功能、行为模式和诊断标准等领域被确定,但很少有研究关注被转到ASD评估的女性之间的差异,包括那些没有继续接受诊断的女性。本研究检查了接受ASD诊断(ASD+)和未接受ASD诊断(ASD-)的儿科女性参与者的心理和行为特征以及共同发生和鉴别DSM-5诊断。方法:对137例3 ~ 20岁患者的认知功能、适应功能、内化症状、外化症状及ADOS-2评分进行分析。将样本分为2个年龄组(3-8岁和9-20岁),分析组间差异(ASD+ vs。ASD-)和群体成员的预测因子。结果:与ASD-组相比,ASD+组女性明显更年轻,认知评分更低,内化和外化症状更低,自闭症诊断观察表-2 (ADOS-2)评分更高。ADOS-2评分也是跨年龄组ASD组成员的唯一显著预测指标。ASD+组有更高比例的智力障碍,而ASD-组有更高比例的焦虑症、注意力缺陷/多动障碍和破坏性行为障碍。结论:接受ASD评估的女性的心理和行为表现随年龄和ASD诊断组的不同而不同。这些结果突出了女性在ASD转诊和ASD识别方面的潜在差异,以及在考虑人口因素的情况下改善对女性护理的必要性。
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来源期刊
Clinical Neuropsychologist
Clinical Neuropsychologist 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
12.80%
发文量
61
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Clinical Neuropsychologist (TCN) serves as the premier forum for (1) state-of-the-art clinically-relevant scientific research, (2) in-depth professional discussions of matters germane to evidence-based practice, and (3) clinical case studies in neuropsychology. Of particular interest are papers that can make definitive statements about a given topic (thereby having implications for the standards of clinical practice) and those with the potential to expand today’s clinical frontiers. Research on all age groups, and on both clinical and normal populations, is considered.
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