{"title":"In vivo evaluation of the traditional uses of Salvia veneris Hedge and development of a topical formulation for localized pain and inflammation.","authors":"Goksu Oduncuoglu, Emmanuel Mshelia Halilu","doi":"","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salvia veneris is endemic to Cyprus and used for pain relief and infectious diseases by local people. This study aimed to evaluate folkloric uses of Salvia veneris and develop a topical formulation for analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects as an alternative to NSAIDs. The analgesic activity of Salvia veneris ethanol extract was studied using an acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice and formalin-induced paw licking in rats. For anti-inflammatory activity, the formalin-induced paw edema model was used. Five topical formulations were prepared by varying the concentrations of ingredients and evaluated. One-way analysis of variance was used at the P<0.05 confidence level for data analysis. The oral LD<sub>50</sub> of Salvia veneris in rats was greater than 5000mg/kg. The extract showed significant (P=0.008) analgesic activity in the acetic acid-induced writhing test and significant (P<0.01) dose-dependent analgesic activity in both phases of the formalin test. In the formalin-induced paw edema test, 50 and 200mg/kg of extract significantly (P<0.05) suppressed inflammation. The extract showed dose-dependent antioxidant activity with 0.04559mg/mL IC<sub>50</sub>. This study confirms the folkloric use of Salvia veneris and shows that a topical formulation of Salvia veneris can be used as an alternative to topical NSAIDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19971,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Salvia veneris is endemic to Cyprus and used for pain relief and infectious diseases by local people. This study aimed to evaluate folkloric uses of Salvia veneris and develop a topical formulation for analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects as an alternative to NSAIDs. The analgesic activity of Salvia veneris ethanol extract was studied using an acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice and formalin-induced paw licking in rats. For anti-inflammatory activity, the formalin-induced paw edema model was used. Five topical formulations were prepared by varying the concentrations of ingredients and evaluated. One-way analysis of variance was used at the P<0.05 confidence level for data analysis. The oral LD50 of Salvia veneris in rats was greater than 5000mg/kg. The extract showed significant (P=0.008) analgesic activity in the acetic acid-induced writhing test and significant (P<0.01) dose-dependent analgesic activity in both phases of the formalin test. In the formalin-induced paw edema test, 50 and 200mg/kg of extract significantly (P<0.05) suppressed inflammation. The extract showed dose-dependent antioxidant activity with 0.04559mg/mL IC50. This study confirms the folkloric use of Salvia veneris and shows that a topical formulation of Salvia veneris can be used as an alternative to topical NSAIDs.
期刊介绍:
Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PJPS) is a peer reviewed multi-disciplinary pharmaceutical sciences journal. The PJPS had its origin in 1988 from the Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi as a biannual journal, frequency converted as quarterly in 2005, and now PJPS is being published as bi-monthly from January 2013.
PJPS covers Biological, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Research (Drug Delivery, Pharmacy Management, Molecular Biology, Biochemical, Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Phytochemical, Bio-analytical, Therapeutics, Biotechnology and research on nano particles.