Where do we stand with immunotherapy for nonmelanoma skin cancers in the curative setting?

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q2 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-20 DOI:10.1097/MOO.0000000000000945

Andrea Alberti, Cristina Gurizzan, Alice Baggi, Paolo Bossi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC) represent a heterogeneous group of diseases that encompasses among the principal histologies basal cell carcinoma (BCC), cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), and Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). Given the fact that high tumor mutational burden due to ultraviolet mutagenesis represents a common hallmark of NMSCs, immunotherapy has proved to be a promising therapeutic approach in recent years. The aim of this review is to shed light on immunotherapy applications in NMSCs in the curative setting.

Recent findings: Immune checkpoint inhibitors represent the first-line treatment of choice for advanced cSCC and MCC, while in second line for BCC. Given this success, more and more trials are evaluating the use of immune checkpoint blockade in neoadjuvant setting for NMSCs. Clinical trials are still ongoing, with the most mature data being found in cSCC. Also, translational studies have identified promising biomarkers of response.

Summary: Locoregional treatments of NMSCs can have non negligible functional and cosmetic impacts on patients, affecting their quality of life. As immunogenic diseases, neoadjuvant immunotherapy represents a promising treatment that could change the therapeutic path of these patients. Upcoming results from clinical trials will address these crucial issues.

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免疫疗法治疗非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的疗效如何?

综述目的:非黑色素瘤皮肤癌(NMSC)代表了一组异质性疾病，包括主要组织学上的基底细胞癌(BCC)、皮肤鳞状细胞癌(cSCC)和默克尔细胞癌(MCC)。鉴于紫外线诱变引起的高肿瘤突变负担是NMSCs的共同特征，近年来免疫治疗已被证明是一种很有前途的治疗方法。本文综述的目的是阐明免疫疗法在治疗性神经间充质干细胞中的应用。最近的研究发现:免疫检查点抑制剂是晚期cSCC和MCC的一线治疗选择，而对于BCC则是二线治疗。鉴于这一成功，越来越多的试验正在评估免疫检查点阻断在NMSCs新辅助治疗中的应用。临床试验仍在进行中，在cSCC中发现了最成熟的数据。此外，转化研究已经确定了有希望的反应生物标志物。摘要:神经间充质干细胞的局部治疗对患者的功能和美容有不可忽视的影响，影响他们的生活质量。作为免疫原性疾病，新辅助免疫治疗有望改变这些患者的治疗途径。即将到来的临床试验结果将解决这些关键问题。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY-

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery is a bimonthly publication offering a unique and wide ranging perspective on the key developments in the field. Each issue features hand-picked review articles from our team of expert editors. With eleven disciplines published across the year – including maxillofacial surgery, head and neck oncology and speech therapy and rehabilitation – every issue also contains annotated references detailing the merits of the most important papers.