Omentin roles in physiology and pathophysiology: an up-to-date comprehensive review.

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI:10.1080/13813455.2023.2283685

Aida A Hussein, Noha A Ahmed, Hader I Sakr, Tarek Atia, Osama M Ahmed

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Omentin (intelectin) was first detected in the visceral omental adipose tissue. It has mainly two isoforms, omentin-1 and -2, with isoform-1 being the main form in human blood. It possesses insulin-sensitizing, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, cardio-protective, and oxidative stress-decreasing effects. Omentin's cardiovascular protective actions are caused by the improved endothelial cell survival and function, increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, enhanced vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) relaxation with reduced proliferation, decreased inflammation, and suppressed oxidative stress. Omentin may also have a potential role in different cancer types and rheumatic diseases. Thus, omentin is an excellent therapeutic target in many diseases, including diabetes mellitus (DM), metabolic syndrome (MetS), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), inflammatory diseases, and cancer. This review demonstrates the physiological functions of omentin in ameliorating insulin resistance (IR), vascular function, and inflammation and its possible share in managing obesity-linked diseases, such as metabolic disorders, DM, and cardiovascular conditions.

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网膜在生理和病理生理中的作用:最新的综合综述。

网膜蛋白最早在内脏网膜脂肪组织中被发现。它主要有两种异构体，网膜蛋白-1和-2，其中异构体-1是人类血液中的主要形式。它具有胰岛素增敏、抗炎、抗动脉粥样硬化、保护心脏和降低氧化应激的作用。Omentin的心血管保护作用是通过改善内皮细胞的存活和功能，增加内皮一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)和一氧化氮(NO)的生物利用度，增强血管平滑肌细胞(VSMCs)的松弛，减少增殖，减少炎症，抑制氧化应激引起的。大网膜还可能在不同类型的癌症和风湿病中发挥潜在作用。因此，大网膜蛋白是许多疾病的良好治疗靶点，包括糖尿病(DM)、代谢综合征(MetS)、心血管疾病(cvd)、炎症性疾病和癌症。本文综述了大网膜在改善胰岛素抵抗(IR)、血管功能和炎症方面的生理功能，以及它在管理肥胖相关疾病(如代谢紊乱、糖尿病和心血管疾病)方面的可能作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-PHYSIOLOGY

CiteScore

6.90

自引率

3.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry: The Journal of Metabolic Diseases is an international peer-reviewed journal which has been relaunched to meet the increasing demand for integrated publication on molecular, biochemical and cellular aspects of metabolic diseases, as well as clinical and therapeutic strategies for their treatment. It publishes full-length original articles, rapid papers, reviews and mini-reviews on selected topics. It is the overall goal of the journal to disseminate novel approaches to an improved understanding of major metabolic disorders. The scope encompasses all topics related to the molecular and cellular pathophysiology of metabolic diseases like obesity, type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome, and their associated complications. Clinical studies are considered as an integral part of the Journal and should be related to one of the following topics: -Dysregulation of hormone receptors and signal transduction -Contribution of gene variants and gene regulatory processes -Impairment of intermediary metabolism at the cellular level -Secretion and metabolism of peptides and other factors that mediate cellular crosstalk -Therapeutic strategies for managing metabolic diseases Special issues dedicated to topics in the field will be published regularly.