Hamstring Injury Treatments and Management in Athletes: A Systematic Review of the Current Literature.

IF 1.7 Q2 SURGERY

JBJS Reviews Pub Date : 2023-11-20 eCollection Date: 2023-11-01 DOI:10.2106/JBJS.RVW.23.00161

Mohammad Poursalehian, Mohadeseh Lotfi, Sahar Zafarmandi, Razman Arabzadeh Bahri, Farzin Halabchi

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Abstract

Background: The field of sports medicine presents a varied landscape of research on hamstring injuries in athletes, characterized by inconclusive and sometimes conflicting findings on effective treatment and rehabilitation strategies. This discordance prompted the current systematic investigation.

Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed for conducting the systematic review. Multiple international bibliometric databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase) were searched to identify studies evaluating any treatment option for the management of hamstring injuries in athletes. Eligible studies were appraised for quality using Joanna Briggs Institute and Risk of Bias 2 tools.

Results: A total of 30 studies with 1,195 participants were included. Of the reviewed studies, treatments varied from aggressive rehabilitation, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections, manual techniques, various exercise protocols to modalities like high-power laser and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Evidence suggested benefits from treatments like extensive muscle lengthening during eccentric actions, progressive agility, and trunk stabilization. PRP injections produced mixed results regarding return to sport and reinjury rates. Stretching exercises, sometimes combined with cryotherapy, showed benefits.

Conclusion: Treatments for hamstring injuries exhibit varied efficacy. Although rest, ice, compression, and elevation remains essential for acute management, rehabilitation focusing on muscle strengthening and flexibility is crucial. The potential benefits of PRP injections, especially for chronic cases, require more conclusive research. A comprehensive approach, combining evidence-based practices and patient-centric factors, is vital for effective management and recovery.

Level of evidence: Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

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运动员腿筋损伤的治疗和管理:对当前文献的系统回顾。

背景:运动医学领域对运动员腿筋损伤的研究呈现出不同的景观，其特点是在有效治疗和康复策略方面的研究结果不确定，有时甚至相互矛盾。这种不一致促使了目前的系统调查。方法:按照系统评价的首选报告项目和荟萃分析指南进行系统评价。我们检索了多个国际文献计量数据库(Scopus、PubMed、Web of Science和Embase)，以确定评估运动员腿筋损伤管理的任何治疗方案的研究。使用Joanna Briggs Institute和Risk of Bias 2工具对符合条件的研究进行质量评估。结果:共纳入30项研究，1195名受试者。在回顾的研究中，治疗方法多种多样，从积极的康复、富血小板血浆(PRP)注射、手工技术、各种运动方案到高功率激光和非甾体抗炎药等模式。有证据表明，在偏心动作时广泛的肌肉延长、渐进式敏捷性和躯干稳定等治疗是有益的。PRP注射在恢复运动和再损伤率方面产生了不同的结果。伸展运动，有时结合冷冻疗法，显示出益处。结论:腘绳肌损伤的治疗效果参差不齐。虽然休息、冰敷、压缩和抬高对于急性治疗仍然是必不可少的，但康复关注于肌肉强化和柔韧性是至关重要的。PRP注射的潜在益处，特别是对慢性病例，需要更多的结论性研究。综合方法，结合循证实践和以患者为中心的因素，对于有效的管理和康复至关重要。证据等级:IV级。参见《作者说明》获得证据等级的完整描述。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

JBJS Reviews SURGERY-

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

4.30%

发文量

132

期刊介绍： JBJS Reviews is an innovative review journal from the publishers of The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. This continuously published online journal provides comprehensive, objective, and authoritative review articles written by recognized experts in the field. Edited by Thomas A. Einhorn, MD, and a distinguished Editorial Board, each issue of JBJS Reviews, updates the orthopaedic community on important topics in a concise, time-saving manner, providing expert insights into orthopaedic research and clinical experience. Comprehensive reviews, special features, and integrated CME provide orthopaedic surgeons with valuable perspectives on surgical practice and the latest advances in the field within twelve subspecialty areas: Basic Science, Education & Training, Elbow, Ethics, Foot & Ankle, Hand & Wrist, Hip, Infection, Knee, Oncology, Pediatrics, Pain Management, Rehabilitation, Shoulder, Spine, Sports Medicine, Trauma.