National patterns of vulnerable decision points in school discipline

IF 3.8 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Sean C. Austin, Kent McIntosh, Erik J. Girvan
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Abstract

In this study, we identified the specific discipline decision situations (i.e., vulnerable decision points [VDPs]) that contribute most to racial discipline disparities from a sample of 2020 schools across the United States. We also examined how much VDPs contributed to overall discipline disparities and the extent to which there was similarity among the strongest VDPs within each school. Last, we directly compared the VDP that contributed most to disparities in each school to situations with the highest rates of office discipline referrals (ODRs) to identify the extent of agreement with overall school discipline patterns. We found the most common VDPs within schools to be subjective behaviors (e.g., defiance, disruption) in classrooms throughout the day, with ODRs for physical aggression contributing notably to disparities among the top 10 VDPs. The strongest single VDP accounted for an average of 17% of racial disparities across the school and the top three VDPs accounted for 37% of disparities. The strongest three VDPs within schools also were remarkably consistent across behavior and location. Finally, there was moderate agreement between situations with the most ODRs and those with the strongest racial disparities, with 63% of schools in the sample having VDPs identical to their situations with most ODRs. In the absence of prescriptive analysis of their own school data, the results of this study provide school leaders and intervention researchers with more precise, promising targets for intervention to increase educational equity.

学校纪律中易受伤害的决策点的国家模式
在本研究中,我们从美国2020所学校的样本中确定了造成种族学科差异最大的特定学科决策情境(即脆弱决策点[vdp])。我们还研究了vdp对整体学科差异的影响程度,以及每所学校中最强vdp之间的相似性程度。最后,我们直接比较了导致每所学校差异最大的VDP与办公室纪律转诊(odr)率最高的情况,以确定与整体学校纪律模式的一致程度。我们发现学校中最常见的vdp是一整天在教室里的主观行为(例如,反抗,破坏),身体攻击的odr显著地导致了前10名vdp之间的差异。最强的单一VDP平均占整个学校种族差异的17%,前三名VDP占37%。学校中表现最好的三名副校长在行为和地理位置上也非常一致。最后,odr最多的情况和种族差异最大的情况之间存在适度的一致性,样本中63%的学校的vdp与odr最多的情况相同。在缺乏对自己学校数据的规定性分析的情况下,本研究的结果为学校领导和干预研究人员提供了更精确、更有希望的干预目标,以增加教育公平。
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来源期刊
Journal of School Psychology
Journal of School Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL-
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
8.00%
发文量
71
期刊介绍: The Journal of School Psychology publishes original empirical articles and critical reviews of the literature on research and practices relevant to psychological and behavioral processes in school settings. JSP presents research on intervention mechanisms and approaches; schooling effects on the development of social, cognitive, mental-health, and achievement-related outcomes; assessment; and consultation. Submissions from a variety of disciplines are encouraged. All manuscripts are read by the Editor and one or more editorial consultants with the intent of providing appropriate and constructive written reviews.
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