An Outlook of Substantial Progress in Nanotechnology Emerged in Treatment Approaches for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis affects roughly 5 out of every 1000 persons, rheumatoid arthritis is a persistent anarchic ailment with complicated pathophysiology a well-known cause of arthritis-related stinging apropos nexus, degradation of synovium, the creation of pannus, damage to bones, and loss of the cartilage. Thus, it is imperative to diagnose and treat rheumatoid arthritis. Due to rheumatoid arthritis's complexity, early diagnosis is difficult, which makes the treatment difficult. Moreover, anti- rheumatoid arthritis drugs taken on a long-term basis can damage patients' organs as well. Due to this, these anti- rheumatoid arthritis medications may cause severe side effects in extra-articular tissues since they cannot selectively target the affected zone. There has been substantial progress in the discovery of this disease's pathophysiology and treatment strategy over the past few years, as well as in developing effective diagnostic methods, early detection, and efficient treatment strategies. In the rheumatoid arthritis, nanotechnology has come to the fore as a game-changer in effectively managing many diseases. Various nanotechnology approaches are promising for designing formulations that can deliver drugs to bone and cartilage in targeted and non-targeted ways like Targeting receptors on inflammation-related cells (CD44, Scavengers receptors, etc.) Conclusion: Nanotechnology is used to treat Rheumatoid arthritis, improve implants and prostheses, and develop new diagnostic and treatment methods in orthopedic medicine. Many chronic orthopedic diseases exist, but rheumatoid arthritis is the most common. Several research studies have found that nanotechnology could deliver targeted drugs, reduce adverse effects on non-target organs, increase drug concentration in synovial tissues, and slow the progression of immune-mediated rheumatoid diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. This review examines how nanotechnology can be used to diagnose and treat rheumatoid arthritis.