Effects of an Exercise Program Based on Rhythmic Movements on Coordination, Motor Control, and Reading Ability in Dyslexic Children: a Case Series

Abstract

Objectives

Dyslexia is a learning disability with a prevalence of between 5 and 10% in Spain. There is a relationship between the cognitive and motor aspects, which is manifested in dyslexic children due to deficits in coordination, motor control, and balance, caused by a lack of integration of inputs from the cerebellum. Rhythmic movement therapy (RMT) seems to improve not only motor deficits in dyslexic children but also educational skills. The aim of the present study was to apply an exercise programme based on RMT and to analyse the effects on coordination, motor control, and reading ability in children diagnosed with dyslexia.

Method

A prospective, longitudinal, and descriptive case series (n = 6) intra-subject intervention study was conducted. Tests assessing motor control, balance, coordination, reading ability, and primitive asymmetric tonic neck reflex (ATNR), symmetric tonic neck reflex (STNR), and tonic labyrinthine reflex (TLR) were performed. An 11-week home exercise programme based on RMT was prescribed, and a post-intervention assessment was performed.

Results

Improvements in stability and reading ability were found, as well as a negativisation of several primitive reflexes. No statistically significant differences were found in motor control and coordination.

Conclusions

RMT-based exercise programme appears to be effective in improving balance and reading skills in dyslexic children.