Veterinary Nanomedicine Delivery System for Mastitis

Abstract

Inflammatory disease of cow and buffalo is known as Bovine mastitis caused by different type of infectious and non-infectious etiological agents. About 95% of the intramammary infections are mainly caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, also by Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus uberis and Escherichia coli. Mastitis is global problem, which adversely affects health of animals, quality of milk and economics of milk production. It is the most common cause for the use of antibacterial drugs in lactating dairy cattle and results in presence of above-the-limit residues in antibacterial agent’s marketed milk. Antibacterial therapy of bacterial induced disease has been incriminated for resistance in bacteria; a major drawbacks of utilizing conventional antimicrobial agents. There is need of advanced technology to address the issue. Application of nanotechnology in the field of antibiotics contained in nano-sized carriers for drug delivery has explored along with their effectiveness in the treatment of infectious disease, including antibiotic resistant ones with minimal side effects. This review summarizes need of advanced nanotechnology in treating most economically important disease bovine mastitis. Particularly, antimicrobial nanoparticles, nanocarriers and nanoantibiotics are emerging as new nanomedicine tool to tackle the current or upcoming challenges in infectious disease.