Isis Mesfin , Alice Leplongeon , Julia Cabanès , Marie-Josée Angue Zogo , David Pleurdeau
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引用次数: 1
Abstract
In the Congo Basin, a regional industry attributed to the Middle Stone Age, the Lupemban, has been empirically considered as a technological adaptation to African tropical rainforests. The “forest industry” hypothesis is based on the presence of diverse heavy-duty tools and their location on the valley bottoms of the Congo Basin. Nowadays, the Lupemban complex in Central Africa remains poorly contextualized preventing us from integrating this geographical crossroad into a pan-African Middle Stone Age framework. Other features such as blade production, backing, hafting and pigment-use are also associated with the Lupemban complex, suggesting an important role of this industry for understanding the emergence and intra-continental diffusion of modern human behaviours. However, this was lacking strong supporting evidence such as chronological, stratigraphic and paleoenvironmental context, as well as thorough technological and functional evaluation. Indeed, only few sites contributed to define the Lupemban and these latters are mainly peripheral to the Congo Basin. In addition, most of the Congo Basin Lupemban collections have been collected several decades ago. Even though poorly documented, these collections constitute a major fund for documenting the prevailing technological features of the Lupemban. Here, we present a technological analysis of lithic production using a qualitative approach to describe five Lupemban lithic collection stored at the Museum national d’Histoire naturelle and at the Institut de Paléontologie Humaine that were collected between the 1930s and 1970s in the Central African Republic and the Republic of Congo. We highlight some repeated technological patterns and discuss their representativity for characterizing Central African Upper Pleistocene lithic assemblage.
在刚果盆地,一个归因于中石器时代的区域性工业,Lupemban,已经被经验地认为是对非洲热带雨林的技术适应。“森林工业”假说是基于各种重型工具的存在以及它们位于刚果盆地谷底的位置。如今,中非的卢彭班建筑群仍然缺乏背景,使我们无法将这一地理十字路口整合到泛非洲中石器时代框架中。其他特征,如叶片生产、支撑、轴和色素使用也与卢彭班复合体有关,这表明该工业在理解现代人类行为的出现和大陆内传播方面发挥了重要作用。然而,该研究缺乏年代学、地层学和古环境背景等强有力的支持证据,也缺乏全面的技术和功能评价。事实上,只有少数遗址有助于确定卢彭班,而这些遗址主要位于刚果盆地的外围。此外,刚果盆地Lupemban的大部分藏品都是在几十年前收集的。尽管文献记录很少,但这些藏品构成了记录Lupemban主要技术特征的主要基金。在这里,我们提出了一项技术分析,使用定性方法来描述在20世纪30年代至70年代在中非共和国和刚果共和国收集的保存在国家自然历史博物馆和人类帕尔海姆生物研究所的五个卢彭班石器收藏。我们强调了一些重复的技术模式,并讨论了它们对表征中非上更新世岩屑组合的代表性。Dans le basin du Congo,中石器时代的区域属性,le Lupembien,一项关于热带地区和中部非洲地区的区域属性的研究。L ' hypothise d 'une " industrie forestry " ou 'un " faci foretier " est basemase sur la pracsience de divers outils mass . et leur localisation and les fonds de valemacine du Bassin du Congo。例如,在非洲中心的研究中,在环境方面的研究中,在非洲中心的研究中,在非洲中心的研究中,在非洲中心的研究中,在中石器时代的研究中,在非洲中心的研究中。D ' autres caractacimristiques telles que la production laminaire, l ' manchement et l ' utilisation de色素sonme, samement associes au Lupembien, suggant unrôle important de cette industrie pour comcomes, l ' camement et la diffusion incontinentale des comportements humanes«modernes»。Cependant,缺少始终d 'importantes数据等尤其是联合国contexte chronostratigraphique paleoenvironnemental,依照ainsi一评价technologique et fonctionnelle approfondie de l 'outillage en皮埃尔。在这种情况下,卢蓬比恩是原则上的,即在刚果盆地的地方,在刚果盆地的地方,在刚果盆地的地方,在刚果盆地的地方,在刚果盆地的地方。De plus, la plupart des artifacts lupembiens du Bassin du Congo省des collections构成了一个多件套的收集。malgraise qu 'elles soient peu contextualisacimes, es collections constituent unfundes majeur,主要用于文献分析。首先,我们分析了生产技术、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池、锂电池和锂电池。在某些情况下,某些特定的交换和交换技术代表了交换和交换,例如交换和交换技术代表了交换和交换,交换和交换技术代表了交换和交换。
期刊介绍:
First published in 1890, Anthropologie remains one of the most important journals devoted to prehistoric sciences and paleoanthropology. It regularly publishes thematic issues, originalsarticles and book reviews.