Efek Sitotoksisitas Dan Genotoksisitas Dari Fraksi-Fraksi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Rhizopora stylosa Griff. Terhadap Pembelahan Sel Dan Kromosom Pada Akar Allium cepa L.
Sri Rejeki Rahayuningsih, Tri Mayanti, Fathia Azzahra
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Rhizopora stylosa, yang dikenal sebagai bakau merah, merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman bakau yang dapat ditemukan melimpah di Indonesia. Masyarakat secara tradisional memanfaatkan tanaman ini sebagai sumber pewarna dan obat tradisional. R. stylosa juga terbukti mengandung zat bioaktif dan metabolit sekunder yang memiliki nilai penting bagi manusia dan organisme lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji tingkat sitotoksisitas dan genotoksisitas senyawa metabolit sekunder dalam fraksi-fraksi ekstrak etanol R. stylosa terhadap akar dan kromosom tanaman bawang Allium cepa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), melibatkan sebelas fraksi dengan konsentrasi seragam (125 ppm), serta kontrol negatif berupa larutan akuades dan kontrol positif berupa larutan EMS, dengan dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali pengulangan. Parameter yang diobservasi meliputi indeks mitosis, pertumbuhan akar bawang, dan aberasi kromosom. Hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA Ft(α.05) dan uji lanjutan Duncan Ft (α.05). Hasil pengujian sebelas fraksi dengan konsentrasi 125 ppm menunjukkan penurunan nilai indeks mitosis yang bervariasi, serta terdeteksi adanya aberasi kromosom dengan frekuensi yang beragam. Meskipun demikian, sebelas fraksi tidak menunjukkan sifat subletal maupun letal terhadap indeks mitosis. Jenis aberasi kromosom yang teramati meliputi anaphase spindle break, ball metaphase, break, bridge, c-mitosis, delayed anaphase, diagonal anaphase, disorder of chromosome kinetic, double bridge, double lesion, fragment, giant cell showing polyploidy, laggard, micronucleus, nuclear erosion, nuclear extrusion, ring, star, stickiness, dan vagrant. Rhizopora stylosa (red mangrove) is one species of mangrove that is easily found in large quantities in Indonesia. This plant is widely used traditionally by the community as dyes and herbal medicine. R. stylosa is also known to contain valuable bioactive substances and secondary metabolites for humans and other organisms. This study aims to examine the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of secondary metabolite compounds from fractions of R. stylosa ethanolic leaf extract on the roots and chromosomes of A. cepa onions. The study was conducted using an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), the treatment of eleven fractions with one 125 ppm for all fractions, and negative control of distilled water solution and positive control of EMS solution, with 3 repetitions for each treatment. The parameters observed were mitotic index, onion root growth and chromosomal aberration. The observations were analyzed with ANAVA Ft (α.05) and followed by Duncan Ft test (α.05). The results of eleven fractions with a concentration of 125 ppm showed a decrease in the value of various mitotic indices and the discovery of chromosome aberrations with varying frequencies. However, eleven fractions did not show a sub-lethal or lethal effect onf the mitotic index. Among the types of chromosomal aberrations observed were anaphase spindle break, ball metaphase, break, bridge, c-mitosis, delayed anaphase, diagonal anaphase, disorder of chromosome kinetic, double bridge, double lesion, fragment, giant cell showing polyploidy, laggard, micronucleus, nuclear erosion, nuclear extrusion, ring, star, stickiness, and vagrant.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Marine Research publishes peer-reviewed research articles covering a broad array of topics in physical, biological and chemical oceanography. Articles that deal with processes, as well as those that report significant observations, are welcome. In the area of biology, studies involving coupling between ecological and physical processes are preferred over those that report systematics. Authors benefit from thorough reviews of their manuscripts, where an attempt is made to maximize clarity. The time between submission and publication is kept to a minimum; there is no page charge.