Clinical Aspects of Mandibular Osteitis at the Sominé Dolo Hospital in Mopti (Mali) from 2017-2022

Abstract

Infectious osteitis is often of dental origin and is caused by negligent or desocialized patients. Its chronic form is a public health problem due to its health and economic consequences. The objective of this work was to describe the clinical aspects of mandibular osteitis at the Sominé Dolo hospital in Mopti, Mali. From 2017 – 2022, we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study on cases of mandibular osteitis who were seen in maxillofacial surgery consultations at the Sominé Dolo hospital in Mopti. This hospital is located in Sevaré and is the largest reference center in the 5th region of Mali. All patients were questioned and examined by a maxillofacial surgeon and additional examinations were carried out (BCN, blood sugar, serum creatinine, transaminases, SRV, TPHA/VDRL, mandibular radiography). During the study period, 47 cases of mandibular osteitis were included out of a total of 710 patients seen in maxillofacial surgery consultations, representing a hospital frequency of 6.6%. The ages of the patients ranged between 5 and 70 years with an average age of 17 years. The gender is divided into 25 men (53.2%) and 22 women (46.8%), i.e. a sex ratio of 1.1. The consultation time before 6 months was 71.5%, it was 11.9% between 6 and 12 months and 16.6% after 12 months. The osteitic lesions were located: the left horizontal branch (42.5%), the right horizontal branch (25.5%), pan-mandibular (14.3%), the left ascending branch (10.6%), the right ascending ramus (10.6%) and the mandibular symphysis (2.4%). The osteitis of our patients was of origin: post-traumatic (6.3%), periodontal (4.3%), dental (89.4%). Traditional treatment was done by 36.1% of our patients before the medical consultation. Regarding treatment: five patients were treated medically (10.6%) and 42 were operated on (89.3%). Knowledge of this condition allows early treatment, which obviously avoids complications sometimes responsible for aesthetic and functional after-effects that are difficult ....