The Many Pollutant Identities of Carbon Dioxide: Global Climate Monitoring and Air Pollution Research in New Zealand, 1968–1975

IF 0.8 3区 历史学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
R. ASHTON MACFARLANE
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In the late 1960s, New Zealand and the United States collaborated to establish a southern hemispheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) monitoring station on New Zealand’s coastal cliffs. The New Zealand CO 2 Project, as it came to be known, is an underappreciated landmark in the history of environmental monitoring. The archival record of its early years reveals the extent to which efforts to measure atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations interacted closely with one of the most hotly debated political issues of the mid-twentieth century: urban air pollution. The designation of CO 2 as air pollution on a planetary scale had profound legal implications in an era in which clean air legislation increasingly brought air pollution within the scope of governmental regulation, and administrative agencies began to jostle for control of the monitoring enterprise. The precise nature of CO 2 as an air pollutant, however, was difficult to pin down. In these initial years of concerted carbon dioxide monitoring, when the lines between climate science and air pollution research were still blurred, CO 2 developed its many pollutant identities. The nature of these identities – and the ways in which scientists and science administrators negotiated their boundaries – retain their relevance today, as nations continue to link air pollution and climate legislation in the twenty-first century.
二氧化碳的多种污染物特征:1968-1975年新西兰全球气候监测和空气污染研究
20世纪60年代末,新西兰和美国合作在新西兰沿海悬崖上建立了一个南半球二氧化碳(CO 2)监测站。众所周知,新西兰二氧化碳项目是环境监测史上一个被低估的里程碑。它早期的档案记录揭示了测量大气二氧化碳浓度的努力与20世纪中期最激烈辩论的政治问题之一——城市空气污染——密切相关的程度。在一个清洁空气立法日益将空气污染纳入政府监管范围、行政机构开始争夺监测企业控制权的时代,在全球范围内将二氧化碳列为空气污染具有深远的法律意义。然而,二氧化碳作为一种空气污染物的确切性质很难确定。在二氧化碳监测的最初几年,当气候科学和空气污染研究之间的界限仍然模糊时,二氧化碳发展出了许多污染物的特征。随着各国在21世纪继续将空气污染与气候立法联系起来,这些身份的本质——以及科学家和科学管理者谈判其边界的方式——在今天仍然具有相关性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
46
期刊介绍: Environment and History is an interdisciplinary journal which aims to bring scholars in the humanities and biological sciences closer together, with the deliberate intention of constructing long and well-founded perspectives on present day environmental problems. Articles appearing in Environment and History are abstracted and indexed in America: History and Life, British Humanities Index, CAB Abstracts, Environment Abstracts, Environmental Policy Abstracts, Forestry Abstracts, Geo Abstracts, Historical Abstracts, History Journals Guide, International Bibliography of Social Sciences, Landscape Research Extra, Referativnyi Zhurnal, Rural Sociology Abstracts, Social Sciences in Forestry and World Agricultural Economics.
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