First report of vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolated from water buffalo clotted cream in Turkey

Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI:10.12681/jhvms.30877

E Seker, YN Dogan

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Abstract

This study aimed to isolate the Enterococcus species from homemade water buffalo clotted cream sold in Afyonkarahisar, investigate the vancomycin resistance genes in isolated strains by PCR and determine the antibiotic resistance of strains to some antibiotics commonly used in Turkey. A total of 107 buffalo clotted cream samples sold in public bazaars of Afyonkarahisar were collected. Following the phenotypic identification using a commercial identification kit, PCR was applied to strains using by species specific primers. Forty Enterococcus strains were obtained from 107 samples by PCR. Of 40 strains, 31 (77.5%) and 9 (22.5%) were identified to be E. faecalis and E. faecium, respectively. One vanA (2.5%) and 14 vanB (35%) genes were determined in tested 40 strains. While of strains having the vanB gen, 10 and four were found to be E. faecalis and E. faecium, respectively, one E. faecium strain also harboured the vanA gen. Thus, while the vanB gen positivity was found to be 32.3% in 31 E. faecalis strains and 44.4% in 9 E. faecium strains, the vanA gen positivity was determined to be 11.1% in 9 E. faecium strains. It was not found the vanC1 and vanC2/C3 genes in none of the strains. While all of strains were phenotypically resistant to streptomycin and fusidic acid, high resistance rates were also determined in the strains to kanamycin (87.5%), cephalothin (80%), erythromycin (80%), gentamicin (77.5%), tetracycline (75%) and vancomycin (60%). Resistance to all tested antibiotics except teicoplanin was determined in E. faecalis strains and except chloramphenicol in E. faecium strains harbouring the vancomycin resistance genes. In conclusion, it was thought the buffalo clotted creams offered for consumption in Afyonkarahisar may have potential risk for public health in terms of VRE species. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing the presence of VRE in the clotted cream samples by PCR in Turkey.

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土耳其首次报道从水牛凝乳中分离出耐万古霉素的粪肠球菌和粪肠球菌

本研究旨在从Afyonkarahisar市销售的自制水牛凝乳膏中分离出肠球菌，采用PCR方法研究分离菌株对万古霉素的耐药基因，并测定菌株对土耳其常用抗生素的耐药性。共收集了在阿菲永卡拉希萨尔市集出售的107个水牛凝乳膏样本。使用商业鉴定试剂盒进行表型鉴定后，使用物种特异性引物对菌株进行PCR。从107份样品中分离得到40株肠球菌。40株中检出31株(77.5%)为粪肠球菌，9株(22.5%)为粪肠球菌。40株菌株中检测到1个vanA基因(2.5%)和14个vanB基因(35%)。在含有vanB基因的粪肠杆菌和粪肠杆菌中，分别有10株和4株含有vanB基因，1株粪肠杆菌中也含有vanA基因，31株粪肠杆菌中vanB基因的阳性率为32.3%，9株粪肠杆菌中vanB基因的阳性率为44.4%，9株粪肠杆菌中vanA基因的阳性率为11.1%。在所有菌株中均未发现vanC1和vanC2/C3基因。所有菌株均对链霉素和夫西地酸表型耐药，但对卡那霉素(87.5%)、头孢菌素(80%)、红霉素(80%)、庆大霉素(77.5%)、四环素(75%)和万古霉素(60%)的耐药率也较高。对除替柯planin外的所有试验抗生素均有耐药性，对携带万古霉素耐药基因的大肠杆菌除氯霉素外均有耐药性。总之，就VRE物种而言，在Afyonkarahisar提供消费的水牛凝乳膏可能对公众健康具有潜在风险。据我们所知，这是土耳其首次通过PCR显示凝乳样品中存在VRE的研究。

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