Gender essentialism predicts prejudice against gender nonconformity in two cultural contexts

IF 1.6 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL
Rachel D. Fine, Kristina R. Olson, Selin Gülgöz, Rachel Horton, Susan A. Gelman
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract Gender‐nonconforming children face a substantial amount of prejudice, making it important to investigate potential contributing factors. In a correlational study of 253 U.S. Midwestern and Pacific Northwestern 6‐ to 10‐year‐old gender‐conforming children (Age M = 7.95, SD = 1.43; 54% girl, 46% boy; 77% White), we examined how gender essentialism (beliefs that gender is biological, discrete, informative, and immutable) and gender identity essentialism (beliefs that gender identity is immutable) relate to prejudice against gender‐nonconforming children. We also examined whether these associations varied by the child's cultural context (rural, non‐diverse, conservative vs. urban, more diverse, liberal). We found a positive correlation between gender essentialism and prejudice, in both cultural contexts. Additionally, children from the more rural context endorsed more essentialism and expressed more prejudice than did their counterparts from the more urban context. However, we found no differences in children's gender identity essentialism by cultural context and no association with prejudice.
性别本质主义预测了两种文化背景下对性别不一致的偏见
性别不一致的儿童面临着大量的偏见,因此调查潜在的影响因素非常重要。在一项对253名美国中西部和太平洋西北部6 - 10岁性别符合儿童的相关研究中(年龄M = 7.95, SD = 1.43;54%的女孩,46%的男孩;(77%白人),我们研究了性别本质主义(认为性别是生物性的、离散的、信息性的和不可改变的)和性别认同本质主义(认为性别认同是不可改变的)与对性别不符合儿童的偏见之间的关系。我们还研究了这些关联是否因儿童的文化背景(农村、非多样性、保守与城市、更多样化、自由)而异。我们发现,在两种文化背景下,性别本质主义与偏见之间存在正相关关系。此外,来自农村环境的儿童比来自城市环境的儿童更赞同本质主义,表达了更多的偏见。然而,我们发现儿童的性别认同本质主义不受文化背景的影响,也与偏见无关。
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来源期刊
Social Development
Social Development PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
74
期刊介绍: Social Development is a major international journal dealing with all aspects of children"s social development as seen from a psychological stance. Coverage includes a wide range of topics such as social cognition, peer relationships, social interaction, attachment formation, emotional development and children"s theories of mind. The main emphasis is placed on development in childhood, but lifespan, cross-species and cross-cultural perspectives enhancing our understanding of human development are also featured.
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