High conductive copper alloys for additive manufacturing

IF 4.4 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Progress in Additive Manufacturing Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI:10.1007/s40964-023-00527-3

T. Fiedler, M. Jähnig Domingues, C. Winter, J. Rösler

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract For applications where high thermal and/or electrical conductivity combined with reasonably high strength is required, copper alloys may be used. Although many different alloys were already developed in the past, additive manufacturing like laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) opens up new possibilities for alloy development, mainly driven by the very high cooling rates. This allows for the usage of precipitation-hardened alloys with compositions exceeding the maximum solubility. The present work focuses on the investigation of a well-known CuCr1Zr alloy as well as CuZr alloys with 1 and 2 wt.% Zr. For a fast, resource-efficient screening and demonstration of feasibility, the investigated alloys were not printed from powder. Instead, solid sheets were partially re-melted in a PBF-LB/M machine to obtain a microstructure similar to the printed state. This rapid-solidification microstructure is investigated, and precipitates with a size 50 nm or even smaller are found. After subsequent aging heat treatments, the hardness of the alloys exceeds the maximum hardness achievable with conventional manufacturing methods (excluding work hardening). The investigations in this work revealed the great hardening potential of these alloys for usage in the PBF-LB/M process.

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增材制造用高导电性铜合金

对于需要高导热性和/或导电性并具有相当高强度的应用场合，可以使用铜合金。虽然过去已经开发了许多不同的合金，但激光粉末床熔融(PBF-LB/M)等增材制造为合金开发开辟了新的可能性，主要是由非常高的冷却速率驱动的。这允许使用成分超过最大溶解度的沉淀硬化合金。本文主要研究了一种已知的CuCr1Zr合金以及Zr含量为1 wt.%和2 wt.%的CuZr合金。为了快速、高效地筛选和证明可行性，所研究的合金没有从粉末中打印出来。相反，固体薄片在PBF-LB/M机器中部分重新熔化，以获得与印刷状态相似的微观结构。研究了这种快速凝固组织，发现了尺寸为50nm甚至更小的析出物。在随后的时效热处理后，合金的硬度超过了常规制造方法(不包括加工硬化)所能达到的最大硬度。本工作的研究表明，这些合金在PBF-LB/M工艺中具有很大的硬化潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Progress in Additive Manufacturing Engineering-Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

113

期刊介绍： Progress in Additive Manufacturing promotes highly scored scientific investigations from academia, government and industry R&D activities. The journal publishes the advances in the processing of different kinds of materials by well-established and new Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies. Manuscripts showing the progress in the processing and development of multi-materials by hybrid additive manufacturing or by the combination of additive and subtractive manufacturing technologies are also welcome. Progress in Additive Manufacturing serves as a platform for scientists to contribute full papers as well as review articles and short communications analyzing aspects ranging from data processing (new design tools, data formats), simulation, materials (ceramic, metals, polymers, composites, biomaterials and multi-materials), microstructure development, new AM processes or combination of processes (e.g. additive and subtractive, hybrid, multi-steps), parameter and process optimization, new testing methods for AM parts and process monitoring. The journal welcomes manuscripts in several AM topics, including: • Design tools and data format • Material aspects and new developments • Multi-material and composites • Microstructure evolution of AM parts • Optimization of existing processes • Development of new techniques and processing strategies (combination subtractive and additive methods, hybrid processes) • Integration with conventional manufacturing techniques • Innovative applications of AM parts (for tooling, high temperature or high performance applications) • Process monitoring and non-destructive testing of AM parts • Speed-up strategies for AM processes • New test methods and special features of AM parts