Functional & Clinical Outcomes of Posterior Decompression & Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF) Using Cage and Bone Graft Combined with Stabilization in Lumbar Spondylolisthesis

Abstract

Introduction: Posterior decompression and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) using cage and bone graft is a surgical technique for treating lumbar spondylolisthesis. This procedure aims to relieve spinal pressure and stabilize the affected vertebral segments. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and functional outcomes of posterior decompression & transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) using cage and bone graft combined with stabilization in lumbar spondylolisthesis. Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out at NITOR, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the period from January 2020 to December 2021. Total 15 patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis were included in this study. Result: The study assessed 15 patients undergoing surgery for spondylolisthesis, primarily aged 40-49, with a mean age of 46.4 years. Gender distribution was 40% male, 60% female. Pre-operative spondylolisthesis was mostly at L4/L5 (60%) and L5/S1 (40%). Post-op data showed significant reductions in slip angle and VAS scores for back and leg pain (all P<0.05). Foraminal and disc space height increased. Fusion rate was 86.66% per Hackenberg criteria. Motor deficit improved from 33.3% to 6.7% post-op. According to Macnab criteria, 73% had excellent functional outcomes and 26.66% experienced minor complications; no major complications were recorded. Conclusion: As observed from the result of this study, degenerative lumber spondylolisthesis can be treated with posterior decompression and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion by using cage and bone graft with spinal stabilization. This method enhances neurological recovery, reduces pain and makes the patients able to return to work comfortably.