Particle trajectories, velocities, accelerations and rotation rates in snow avalanches

IF 2.5 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL
Michael Neuhauser, Anselm Köhler, Rene Neurauter, Marc S. Adams, Jan-Thomas Fischer
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract Understanding the dynamics of snow avalanches is crucial for predicting their destructive potential and mobility. To gain insight into avalanche dynamics at a particle level, the AvaNode in-flow sensor system was developed. These synthetic particles, equipped with advanced and affordable sensors such as an inertial measurement unit (IMU) and global navigation satellite system (GNSS), travel with the avalanche flow. This study focuses on assessing the feasibility of the in-flow measurement systems. The experiments were conducted during the winter seasons of 2021–2023, both in static snow cover and dynamic avalanche conditions of medium-sized events. Radar measurements were used in conjunction with the particle trajectories and velocities to understand the behaviour of the entire avalanche flow. The dynamic avalanche experiments allowed to identify three distinct particle flow states: (I) initial rapid acceleration, (II) a steady state flow with the highest velocities (9–17 ms −1 ), and (III) a longer deceleration state accompanied by the largest measured rotation rates. The particles tend to travel towards the tail of the avalanche and reach lower velocities compared to the frontal approach velocities deduced from radar measurements (ranging between 23–28 ms −1 ). The presented data give a first insight in avalanche particle measurements.
雪崩中的粒子轨迹,速度,加速度和旋转速率
了解雪崩的动力学对于预测其破坏性和流动性至关重要。为了深入了解雪崩在粒子水平上的动力学,av阳极流动传感器系统被开发出来。这些合成颗粒配备了先进且价格合理的传感器,如惯性测量单元(IMU)和全球导航卫星系统(GNSS),随着雪崩流移动。本研究的重点是评估流量测量系统的可行性。实验时间为2021-2023年冬季,在静态积雪和动态雪崩条件下进行。雷达测量与粒子轨迹和速度相结合,以了解整个雪崩流的行为。动态雪崩实验确定了三种不同的粒子流动状态:(I)初始快速加速,(II)最高速度的稳态流动(9-17 ms−1),以及(III)较长的减速状态,并伴有最大的测量转速。粒子倾向于向雪崩的尾部移动,与雷达测量得出的正面接近速度(范围在23-28毫秒−1之间)相比,速度更低。提出的数据提供了第一次洞察雪崩粒子的测量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Annals of Glaciology
Annals of Glaciology GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL-GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Annals of Glaciology publishes original scientific articles and letters in selected aspects of glaciology-the study of ice. Each issue of the Annals is thematic, focussing on a specific subject. The Council of the International Glaciological Society welcomes proposals for thematic issues from the glaciological community. Once a theme is approved, the Council appoints an Associate Chief Editor and a team of Scientific Editors to handle the submission, peer review and publication of papers.
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