Laboratory work in Physics and Chemistry in the training of future teachers in the conditions of distance learning

Abstract

The article is devoted to the systematization of experience and establishing the peculiarities of conducting laboratory work in Physics and Chemistry in the training of future teachers in the conditions of distance learning (on the example of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University). Possibilities of using photo and video recording of physical and chemical experiments for their repeated display in the form of synchronous and asynchronous broadcasting are considered. The procedure for performing laboratory work based on the use of photos and video materials is described, and relevant examples are given. Conducting laboratory work in physics and chemistry in the conditions of distance learning using interactive simulators and models on various platforms is characterized. Laboratory work in physics and chemistry using specialized virtual laboratories is described, examples of working with them in classes are given. The experience of using the author's software-methodological complexes to ensure laboratory work in chemistry is described, which are actively used in the educational process in the conditions of distance learning – using SchoolKit as an example. It has been established that conducting laboratory work in physics and chemistry in the training of future teachers in the conditions of distance learning can be ensured in several ways: access to collections of photos and video materials of physical and chemical experiments; demonstrations of laboratory experiments in synchronous mode by means of video conferences; using virtual simulations and models of physical and chemical objects, processes, phenomena; using virtual physical and chemical laboratories; using software and methodical complexes in physics and chemistry. Prospective areas of further research are the study of the effectiveness of the considered methods of conducting laboratory work in the conditions of distance learning in the practice of training future teachers of physics and chemistry and the development of appropriate methodological recommendations with the generalization of the acquired experience of institutions of higher pedagogical education.