A wearable sweat patch for non-invasive and wireless monitoring inflammatory status

Abstract

Sweat diagnostics are being developed to provide insights into monitoring human health status using an accessi-bly non-invasive technique of sweat analysis [1-3] . Abundant compositions, ranging from electrolytes and metabolites to large proteins, can be found in sweat, which have similar types of physiological biomarkers observed in the blood [1] . Recent advances in flexible electronics [4-7] have transformed conventional laboratory tests into personalized sweat molecular analysis that facilitates real-time sensing of target biomarkers [3] . Previous works have shown the simultaneous and selective sensing capabilities of electrolytes (e.g., sodium (Na + ), potassium (K + ), ammonium (NH 4+ ), and chloride (Cl − ) ions) [8] and metabolites (e.g., alcohols, lactate, uric acid, and glucose) [9] by designing fully integrated wearable sensor arrays [8, 10] .