Integrated water resources trend assessments: State of the science, challenges, and opportunities for advancement

IF 2.6 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
Sarah M. Stackpoole, Gretchen P. Oelsner, Edward G. Stets, Jory S. Hecht, Zachary C. Johnson, Anthony J. Tesoriero, Michelle A. Walvoord, Jeff G. Chanat, Krista A. Dunne, Phillip J. Goodling, Bruce D. Lindsey, Mike R. Meador, Sarah A. Spaulding
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Abstract

Water is vital to human life and healthy ecosystems. Here we outline the current state of national-scale water resources trend assessments, identify key gaps, and suggest advancements to better address critical issues related to changes in water resources that may threaten human development or the environment. Questions like, “Do we have less suitable drinking water now than we had 20 years ago?” or “Are flood events more common now than they were in the past?” prompted improvements in data, trend estimation methods, and modeling frameworks to track changes in, and better understand how land use and climate influence four water resources domains: surface and groundwater quantity and quality. However, continued advancement in trend assessments to better address issues related to changes in water availability is needed. Areas of need include more timely and efficient delivery of water resources trend results and improved capacity to estimate trends at unmonitored locations. Additional integration pieces include increased understanding of groundwater–surface water interactions, incorporation of both quantity and quality trends into water availability estimates, and the refinement of trend metrics to account for the competing needs of society and ecological integrity. Coupled with improved driver attribution studies, these components will better inform current and future water resources management.

Abstract Image

水资源综合趋势评估:科学现状、挑战和发展机遇
水对于人类生活和健康的生态系统至关重要。在此,我们概述了国家级水资源趋势评估的现状,找出了主要差距,并提出了改进建议,以更好地应对与可能威胁人类发展或环境的水资源变化有关的关键问题。"与 20 年前相比,我们现在的饮用水是否更不合适?"或 "与过去相比,现在的洪水事件是否更常见?"这些问题促使我们改进数据、趋势评估方法和建模框架,以跟踪土地利用和气候如何影响地表水和地下水的数量和质量这四个水资源领域的变化,并更好地理解这些变化。然而,还需要继续推进趋势评估,以更好地解决与可用水量变化相关的问题。需求领域包括更及时、更高效地提供水资源趋势结果,以及提高估算未监测地点趋势的能力。其他整合内容包括加深对地下水-地表水相互作用的理解,将水量和水质趋势纳入可用水量估算,以及完善趋势衡量标准,以考虑到社会和生态完整性之间相互竞争的需求。这些内容与改进的驱动因素归因研究相结合,将为当前和未来的水资源管理提供更好的信息。
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来源期刊
Journal of The American Water Resources Association
Journal of The American Water Resources Association 环境科学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
12.50%
发文量
100
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: JAWRA seeks to be the preeminent scholarly publication on multidisciplinary water resources issues. JAWRA papers present ideas derived from multiple disciplines woven together to give insight into a critical water issue, or are based primarily upon a single discipline with important applications to other disciplines. Papers often cover the topics of recent AWRA conferences such as riparian ecology, geographic information systems, adaptive management, and water policy. JAWRA authors present work within their disciplinary fields to a broader audience. Our Associate Editors and reviewers reflect this diversity to ensure a knowledgeable and fair review of a broad range of topics. We particularly encourage submissions of papers which impart a ''take home message'' our readers can use.
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