Tuberculosis and Sudden Death in Lithuania

Q3 Medicine
Gintarė Zarembaitė, Gabrielė Žiūkaitė, Sigitas Chmieliauskas, Diana Vasiljevaitė, Sigitas Laima, Jurgita Stasiūnienė
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis is one of the most common infectious diseases in the world. 10.6 million people fell ill in 2021 and 1.6 million died from the disease. Lithuania has the third-highest tuberculosis incidence rate per 100,000 and the second-highest mortality rate per 100,000 in EU/EEA countries. During 2015–2021 years, there were 799 deaths of pulmonary tuberculosis in Lithuania. However, the presence of pulmonary tuberculosis is often unknown before death and is only revealed during autopsy. The aim of the study is to review current literature on this topic and present statistical analysis on evaluated socioeconomical, epidemiological indicators, as well as autopsy findings that may suggest pulmonary tuberculosis infection.Materials and methods: This research was designed as a retrospective study focusing on full forensic pathology autopsies between 2015 and 2021. Of these, 100 cases were randomly selected where the cause of death was tuberculosis diagnosed during post-mortem examination and compared to a control group consisting of 415 cases of sudden death.Results: The study revealed that out of 100 pulmonary tuberculosis cases, 90% were male with the mean age of 53.48 ± 11.12 years old. In the case of sudden death where tuberculosis was found, a significant portion of the sample (91%) was not followed up at any medical institution. Regarding socioeconomic factors, a moderate negative correlation between Lithuania’s gross domestic product and tuberculosis distribution was observed, as well as a weak negative correlation between alcohol consumption (l per capita) in the general population and tuberculosis distribution. The lung weight of the pulmonary tuberculosis group was statistically significantly higher than that of the control group.Conclusions: Tuberculosis remains a major problem in Lithuania and the combination of socioeconomic indicators determines the prevalence of tuberculosis in the country. In cases of sudden death, autopsy helps to identify tuberculosis cases that have not been clinically detected and ensures tuberculosis monitoring. Therefore, the person who performs autopsy remains at high risk of contracting tuberculosis. Furthermore, extreme caution is advised if higher lung weight or hardenings are seen during autopsy because of the possibility of tuberculosis.
立陶宛的肺结核和猝死
背景:结核病是世界上最常见的传染病之一。2021年有1060万人患病,160万人死于该病。立陶宛的结核病发病率在欧盟/欧洲经济区国家中每100 000人中排名第三,死亡率在每100 000人中排名第二。2015-2021年期间,立陶宛有799人死于肺结核。然而,肺结核的存在往往在死前不为人知,只有在尸检时才会发现。本研究的目的是回顾目前关于这一主题的文献,并对评估的社会经济、流行病学指标以及可能提示肺结核感染的尸检结果进行统计分析。材料与方法:本研究为回顾性研究,以2015年至2021年的法医病理尸检为重点。其中,随机选择100例死亡原因是在尸检中诊断为肺结核的病例,并与由415例猝死病例组成的对照组进行比较。结果:100例肺结核患者中,男性占90%,平均年龄53.48±11.12岁。在发现结核病的猝死病例中,很大一部分样本(91%)没有在任何医疗机构进行随访。关于社会经济因素,立陶宛的国内生产总值与结核病分布之间存在适度的负相关关系,一般人口的人均酒精消费量与结核病分布之间也存在微弱的负相关关系。肺结核组肺重高于对照组,差异有统计学意义。结论:结核病仍然是立陶宛的一个主要问题,社会经济指标的组合决定了该国结核病的患病率。在突然死亡的情况下,尸检有助于确定尚未临床发现的结核病病例,并确保结核病监测。因此,进行尸体解剖的人仍然有感染结核病的高风险。此外,如果在尸检中发现肺重量增加或变硬,因为可能是肺结核,建议格外小心。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Acta Medica Lituanica
Acta Medica Lituanica Medicine-General Medicine
CiteScore
0.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
33
审稿时长
16 weeks
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