Evaluation of acute toxicity of Rasaparpati - An Ayurvedic mercurial compound in Albino rats

Abstract

Background This study aimed to investigate the preparation process of Rasaparpati, an Ayurvedic medicine containing Mercury that is commonly used to treat various ailments. The dangers of using Mercury as a therapeutic agent are acknowledged, and Ayurveda emphasizes purifying heavy metals before human use. The present study assessed the acute toxicity of Rasaparpati in albino rats to ensure its safe consumption. Methodology Following ethical guidelines and O.E.C.D. (423) protocol, Rasaparpati was prepared traditionally, and an acute toxicity study was conducted. Two groups of female Wistar rats were administered 300mg/kg and 2000mg/kg of Rasaparpati, and their behavioral changes, signs of toxicity, and mortality were closely monitored. Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological parameters were also examined for any changes. The data obtained were analyzed and evaluated using an unpaired t-test, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results No deaths were observed following the administration of Rasaparpati in an acute toxicity study. There were no hematological or biochemical toxicity indications, even at ten time the therapeutic dose. However, the histopathological analysis revealed mild changes likely to heal and repair. These non-specific and reversible changes in rat cells suggest similar outcomes in human cells. Conclusions The acute toxicity study of Rasaparpati suggests its safety for animal use, indicating potential safety for human consumption. No adverse effects or mortality were observed, even at a dosage ten times higher than the therapeutic dose. However, more extensive research with larger sample sizes and control groups is recommended.