Ben Younan, Mikaela Jorgensen, Jeffrey Chan, Teresa Winata, Donna Gillies
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objectives
Restrictive practices (RP) include any practice or intervention that infringes on the rights and freedom of movement of people with disability, including those with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). The use of RP is inconsistent with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). The objective of this systematic review was to estimate the use of RP internationally and identify factors associated with RP use.
Methods
Six electronic databases alongside a comprehensive online search were conducted for literature up to 12th December 2022. This systematic review included any publication published within the past 18 years that reported the rate of RP in at least 250 people in residential, community, and hospital settings who had a NDD.
Results
Twenty publications reporting thirty datasets were included in this review. Sample sizes ranged from 268 to 107,392. Overall rates of RP ranged from 6% to 78% across different timeframes and populations. Chemical restraint was the most commonly reported RP, with 12 of 20 publications (60%) reporting rates across one or more timeframes. Higher prevalence of RP were found in populations with higher reported mental illness and behaviors of concern.
Conclusion
The very considerable differences between publications and limited data means that the rates of RP are variable. The high variability appears to be attributable to methodological differences. Requiring the reporting of RP through legislation is one mechanism that can support better monitoring of RP and ultimately ensure progress is being made towards CRPD obligations to uphold human rights.
期刊介绍：
Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders publishes high-quality research in the broad area of neurodevelopmental disorders across the lifespan. Study participants may include individuals with:Intellectual and developmental disabilitiesGlobal developmental delayCommunication disordersLanguage disordersSpeech sound disordersChildhood-onset fluency disorders (e.g., stuttering)Social (e.g., pragmatic) communication disordersUnspecified communication disordersAutism spectrum disorder (ASD)Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), specified and unspecifiedSpecific learning disordersMotor disordersDevelopmental coordination disordersStereotypic movement disorderTic disorders, specified and unspecifiedOther neurodevelopmental disorders, specified and unspecifiedPapers may also include studies of participants with neurodegenerative disorders that lead to a decline in intellectual functioning, including Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal dementia, corticobasal degeneration, Huntington’s disease, and progressive supranuclear palsy. The journal includes empirical, theoretical and review papers on a large variety of issues, populations, and domains, including but not limited to: diagnosis; incidence and prevalence; and educational, pharmacological, behavioral and cognitive behavioral, mindfulness, and psychosocial interventions across the life span. Animal models of basic research that inform the understanding and treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders are also welcomed. The journal is multidisciplinary and multi-theoretical, and encourages research from multiple specialties in the social sciences using quantitative and mixed-method research methodologies.
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